Involuntary Control of Muscles Flashcards
What is the Somatic Nervous System?
Operates under conscious control and doesn’t affect long term survival it controls skeletal muscles
What is the Autonomic Nervous system?
It operates without conscious instruction and it controls visceral effectors and coordination of the digestive, Cardiovascular, urinary and reproductive systems
What is a neural reflex?
It is a rapid automatic response to specific stimuli and is the basic building block of neural function and 1 neural reflex produces 1 motor response
What are the 5 steps in a neural reflex?
When the stimulus arrives and the receptor is activated
Then a sensory neuron is activated(graded depolarization)
Information processing by postsynaptic cell(triggered by NTs)
Then the motor neuron is activated(Action potential)
Response of peripheral effector which is triggered by NTs
What is a motor response?
Somatic reflex-
It’s an involuntary control of nervous system such as a stretch or tendon reflex
Visceral reflex-
Controls systems other than muscular system such as smooth muscle,cardiac,glands
What are spinal reflexes?
Monosynaptic and Polysynaptic reflexes
What is the enteric nervous system?
Ganglia in the walls of digestive tract cell bodies of Visceral sensory and motor and interneurons
Axons form extensive nerve net works and controls digestive functions independently of the CNS
How do higher centers reinforce spinal reflexes?
Stimulation of excitory interneurons in the brain stem or SC
Creates EPSPs at reflex motor neurons
Facilitates postunaptic neurons
How do higher centers inhibit spinal reflexes?
Stimulation of inhibitory interneurons in brain stem or SC
Creates IPSPs at reflexes of motor neurons
Suppresses postsynaptic neurons
Whatbis sensory integration?
The way our bodies and the CNS gather,organize and process information about the world around us and its a process where the brain organises and interprets external stimulus such as touch,sight and sound
What is the purpose of the Basal nuclei?
It provides background patterns of movement in the voluntary motor activities and recieves information from several diffrent regions of the cerebral cortex and once the Basal ganglia processes the information they return it to the motor cortex through the thalamus
What does the cerebellum monitor?
Proprioceptive sensations
Visual information from the eyes
Vestibular sensations from inner ear as movements are under way
Where is most somatic sensory information related to?
The thalamus to get processed and a small fraction of the arriving information is projected to the cerebral cortex and reaches our awareness
What do interceptors include?
Nociceptors
Theremoreceptors
Tactile receptors
Baroreceptors
Chemoreceptors
What is the solitary nucleus?
Large nucles in the medulla
And processing and sorting center for visceral sensory information
