Carbs and Lipids Flashcards
What are polysaccharides?
Starch and Glycogen
What are Disaccarides?
Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose
What are monosaccarides?
Glucose
Fructose
Penrose
What are the two enzymes that break down carbohydrates?
Salivary amalayse and pancreatic alpha amalayse
What 2 glands secrete salivary amalayse in the mouth?
The parotid and submandibular gland
When does salivary amalayse continue?
It continues until stomach acids render the enzymes inactive
What happens in the pancreatic phase?
The duodenum secretes alpha pancreatic amalyase and the remaining carbohydrates are broken down
What is the duodenal phase?
Disaccarides and tri sacccarides are broken into mono saccarides by brush border enzymes of intestinal microvilli
What does Maltase break down?
The 2 glucose molecules of Maltose
What does Sucrase break down?
Sucrose into glucose and fructose
What does lactase break down?
Lactose into glucose and galactose
What are the transports for absorption of monosaccarides?
Diffusion(passive or facilitated)
Co transport
How are monosaccarides absorbed?
They are taken up by active transport or facilitated diffusion and carried to the liver
What are the enzymes involved in breaking down lipids?
Lingual lipase
Pancreatic lipase
What are tricycerides?
1 glycerol and 3 Fatty acids
What is the purpose of bike salts?
It emulsifies lipid droplets after mixing it in duodenum for better access for pancreatic lipase
What are Micelles?
Interacting with bile salts which is a bile Salt complex
What is the lipid cell entry?
Where lipids diffuse across the Plasma membrane and nters into the cytoplasm forming new triglycerides
What are chylomicrons?
TL+steriods+PL+fat solvable vitamins coated in proteins
What is the purpose of protein coating?
Prevents diffusion into capillaries but to diffuse into intestinal lacteals to go through the thoracic duct and enter into bloodstream at the left sub clavian vein
What is LDL?
Transports cholesterol to cells
What is HDL?
Transports cholesterol from cells to liver
