Investigating antibiotics and antiseptics

Question 1

Name the growth medium for bacteria

Answer 1

agar jelly

Question 2

How to make agar jelly plate.

Answer 2

1. pour hot agar jelly into shallow round petri dish
2. once jellys cooled and set ,inoculating loop used to transfer microorganisms to agar j
3. spreader can be used to get an even covering of bacteria
4. Bacteria then multiply

Question 3

How can we investigate effect of substances on bacterial growth.

Answer 3

place paper discs soaked in diff types of antibiotics
on it ,leave space between each one and a control one too
anti.. shud diffuse thro jelly ,antibiotic resistant ones continue to grow ,non resistant ones die =clear area inhibition zone

Question 4

Explain what an aseptic technique is and why we use it ?

Name some aseptic techniques

Answer 4

creating a sterile environment /using equipment to prevent contamination (unwanted microorganisms )to affect your results
ethanol on bench kill microorganisms
pass inoculating loop thro hot flame-sterile
covered with lid lightly taped to prevent microorganism from air getting in

Question 5

Calculate the size of inhibition zone

Answer 5

circle= pie r squared

measure in mm

Question 6

Explain what a risk factor is

Answer 6

things linked to an increase in the likelihood of a person developing a certain disease

Question 7

Name 2 unavoidable risk factors and 3 avoidable risk factors.

Answer 7

age ,gender

smoking -nicotine +heart rate + blood pressure  damages artery walls ,build up fatty acids 
diet-too less malnutrition 
high in fat /sugar =risk factor obesity
lack of exercise-risk factor of o
alcohol-liver damage/disease

Question 8

Name some economic and social effects of non-communicable diseases.

Answer 8

areas with high level of obesity,excess alcohol consumption,smoking,high occurrence of certain non-com..
put pressure on resources and hospitals
costly NHS provide resources,people with non…may not be able to work- effect economy

Question 9

How to measures obesity

is it reliable?

Answer 9

BMI 
body mass index
weight in kg/height m 2
not always bc athletes have muscle heavier than fat come out with high BMI,even if not obese
below 18.5 underweight
18.5-24.9-normal
25-29.9-overweight
30-40-moderately obese
above 40 severely obese

Question 10

What is the waist-to-hip ratio

Answer 10

waist circumference cm/hip circumference cm
higher it is more weight around middle
above 1.0 males= too much weight
above 0.85=females
abdominal obesity greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes