B3 continued

Question 1

Definitionnof protein synthesis

Answer 1

Way body cells buil protein molecules

Question 2

Name 3 uses of it

Answer 2

Repair damage to tissues/organs
Growth
Hormones

Question 3

What are the building blocks for p s?
How many letters makes an amino acid?
How many amino acids are there altogether and how do they link to p s?

Answer 3

Amino acids
3
20
aa can be arranged in diff ways to make diff types of proteins.Long chain folds up to form specific size/shape

Question 4

Name and explain the steps in which protein synthesis happens?
How is RNA different from DNA?

Answer 4

DNA strands unzip -1 strand used as template
Transcription happens in nucleus (copying of DNA)Noncoding DNA strand uses the 1 DNA strand to make complementary basesto make mRNA
Translation-RNA goes from nucleus to join onto ribosome
DNA code built again ,aa/transfer RNA join together with complementary bases on RNA
codons match up with complementary anitcodons to create a chain of aa which forms protein

1 strand shorter and easier to get thro nucleus uses U instead of T.

Question 5

How can genetic variations arise?

How does non coding DNA affect binding of polymerase?

Answer 5

mutations
produces allele has code for a diff sequence of aa
may change shape of final protein and so its activity decrease,increase or stop
while binding of non coding DNA infront gene a mutation can happen this may affect the ability of polymerase to bind to it easier/difficult affect how much mRNA is transcribed therefore how much of the protein is produced.depending on function = phenotype may be affected