Introduction to Biochemistry Flashcards
What is Atomic Radii?
Distance from centre of nucleus to outermost electron orbital
What is Electronegativity?
Ability an element has to share electrons and form an ion. (Difference in electronegativity-large ionic bonding>forms ions easily)
What does Ionisation Energy mean?
-The energy required to remove 1 Mol of GASEOUS electrons from an atom
What is Electron Shielding?
Refers to the attraction electrons have for its nucleus and how it is affected by number of outer shells. (Shielding inc, with number of shells)
What is Electron Affinity?
The energy released when an element is attached to a neutral atom.
Name the X3 types of Van Der Waals Forces
- London Dispersion Forces
- Dipole- Permanent Dipole Interactions
- Hydrogen Bonding
What type of forces are Van Der Waals?
- IntERmolecular Bonding
- as between molecules (e.g hydrogen-fluorine)
What are London Dispersion Forces?
Temporary dipoles form uneven distributions of electrons within an atom
What are Dipole Permanent Dipole Interactions?
-Permanent dipoles form in a molecule because of the difference in electronegativity between atoms
What is Hydrogen Bonding?
- Type of D-P-D interaction
- Between hydrogen, oxygen, fluorine and nitrogen
Name X2 Types of Intramolecular Forces
- Ionic Bonding
- Covalent Bonding
What is Covalent Bonding?
-Low difference in electronegativity
-Share electrons and form covalent bond
(Non-Polar)
What is Ionic Bonding?
- Large difference in electronegativity
- Electrons are donated and received
- Forms (+) and (-) ions
Describe Intramolecular Bonding
-Within an atom (ionic/covalent)
Describe Intermolecular Bonding
-Between atoms within a molecule (VDWs)
