Introduction to Adolescent Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three leading causes of mortality in adolescents?

A

1) Accidents (45.5%)
2) Homicide (15.3%)
3) Suicide (11.3%)

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2
Q

What are the three stages of adolescence?

A
  • Early 12 - 14
  • Middle 15 - 17
  • Late 18 - 21
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3
Q

The first sign of puberty in females is ___________.

A

thelarche (breast bud development)

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4
Q

The first sign of puberty in males is _______________.

A

increase in testicular size

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5
Q

Menarche usually occurs __________ after thelarche.

A

2 years

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6
Q

Peak height velocity ___________ menarche.

A

precedes

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7
Q

Physical and cognitive development ___________.

A

do not occur simultaneously

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8
Q

Conflict with parents typically peaks during __________ adolescence.

A

middle

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9
Q

Describe the relationship with peers over the three stages of adolescence.

A
  • Early: intense friendship with same-sex friend
  • Middle: peak peer involvement; conformity; sexual experimentation
  • Late: peers less important; more intimate relationships
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10
Q

During middle adolescence, there is a disconnect between _______________.

A

intellectual reasoning and feeling omnipotent

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11
Q

What percentage of girls get pregnant or contract an STI within six months of becoming sexually active?

A

50%

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12
Q

What adolescent medical information cannot be held in confidence from parents?

A
  • Abuse
  • Suicidality
  • Homicidality
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13
Q

Clinical pearl: when you enter the room, have the adolescent _______________.

A

introduce the adult; that is, ask the adolescent “Who is this?” in reference to the adult. This helps get the adolescent talking and also makes them feel in control

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14
Q

Explain the HEEEADSSS mnemonic.

A

A tool for what to ask adolescents about:
• Home (“Who do you trust?” “Who’s at home?”)
• Education (“Which classes do you find difficult?” “How are your grades this year compared to last year?” “What is your GPA?”)
• Employment (“What’s your dream job?” “Are you working now?”)
•Eating
• Activity (games, sports, safety)
•Drugs
•Suicide
•Sexuality
•Safety

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15
Q

What percent of 13-year-old boys have had sex?

A

10%

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16
Q

The 15-19 age bracket encompasses what portion of the population?

A

13% (18 million)

17
Q

Acceptance of bodily changes develops during _______________.

A

middle adolescence