Introduction

Question 1

Used to examine components of individual cells, including synapses

Answer 1

Electron microscope

Question 2

Used to examine electrical activity of individual neurons

Answer 2

Microelectrodes

Question 3

3D x-ray of the brain; good for distinguishing between hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke

Answer 3

CAT

Question 4

Inject radioactive tracer into blood; Radioactive signal is measured; As part of the brain becomes active, blood flow to that area increases

Answer 4

PET

Question 5

What are the main functions of the spinal cord?

Answer 5

1. Conduct information between the periphery and the brain
2. Process information
3. Simple and complex reflex responses

Question 6

Looks at effect of magnetic field on atoms; Produces a 3-D image of brain; Can also provide activity information about activity-related blood flow

Answer 6

MRI

Question 7

The Medulla, Pons, and Midbrain are components of the

Answer 7

brainstem

Question 8

What are the parts of the CNS?

Answer 8

1. Spinal region
2. Brainstem and cerebellum
3. Cerebral area

Question 9

Nerve roots are considered to be part of the _______.

Answer 9

Spinal region

Question 10

What horn of the gray matter contains sensory processing cells? what horn contains lower motor neurons? What horn contains autonomic neurons?

Answer 10

Dorsal; ventral; lateral horn (T1-L2)

Question 11

What is contained in the gray matter?

Answer 11

1. Cell bodies (motor neurons, interneurons)

2. Nerve endings (sensory neurons)

Question 12

Periphery of spinal cord

Answer 12

White matter

Question 13

What information is contained in the dorsal column of white matter? is it ascending or descending?

Answer 13

Sensory; ascending

Question 14

The brainstem has regions that control _____ and ______.

Answer 14

Consciousness; autonomic function

Question 15

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 15

1. Coordination
2. Balance and equilibrium
3. Helps control eye movements

Question 16

What is contained in the diencephalon?

Answer 16

1. Thalamus

2. Hypothalamus

Question 17

Relay center for information that is entering the cerebral cortex; all sensation except smell travels through before it goes to the cortex

Answer 17

Thalamus

Question 18

Region of the brain that has visceral control; fine tunes basic biological body control (body temp, HR, etc.)

Answer 18

Hypothalamus

Question 19

Where is gray matter in the cerebral cortex?

Answer 19

Outside (it is inside in the spinal cord); indicates where cell bodies are

Question 20

What are the 4 anatomical lobes of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 20

1. Frontal
2. Parietal
3. Temporal
4. Occipital

Question 21

Cerebral cortex lobe that is defined by function; situated in parts of all lobes; connects psychological and physical aspects of our body

Answer 21

Limbic

Question 22

What are the two arteries that supply the brain?

Answer 22

1. Internal carotid artery

2. Vertebral artery

Question 23

What is the function of ventricles?

Answer 23

Cushions the brain

Question 24

A pattern of S&S that indicate injury to a specific part of the nervous system

Answer 24

Syndrome

Question 25

Distribution of lesions: Single lesion that effects one part of the nervous system

Answer 25

Focal

Question 26

Distribution of lesions: More than 1 lesion that effects the nervous system; i.e., in a car accident, lesion at point of contact and opposite side of the head

Answer 26

Multifocal

Question 27

Distribution of lesions: Nonspecific point, but rather a damaged region; effects all parts of the brain (inflammatory and degenerative diseases)

Answer 27

Diffuse

Question 28

When initially diagnosing a lesion, what distribution of lesion should you assume the pt has?

Answer 28

Focal

Question 29

Collection of cell bodies in the CNS

Answer 29

Nucleus

Question 30

Collection of cells bodies in the PNS

Answer 30

Ganglion (basal ganglion is an exception)