Introduction

Question 1

What increased neutrophil numbers?

Answer 1

Body stress (infection, trauma, infarction)

Question 2

What do the nuclei of neutrophils look like?

Answer 2

Segmented (polymorphs)

Question 3

What do the nuclei of eosinophils look like?

Answer 3

bi-lobed

-eosinophils also have bright orange/red granules

Question 4

These cells fight parasitic infections

Answer 4

Eosinophils

Question 5

Describe the structure of basophils

Answer 5

• infrequent in circulation

- large deep purple granules obscuring nucleus

Question 6

Role of basophils

Answer 6

• mediate hypersensitivity reactions
• Rc receptors bind IgE
• granules contain histamine

Question 7

What do basophil granules contain?

Answer 7

Histamine

Question 8

These cells have a large single nucleus

-they have faintly staining granules, often vacuolated

Answer 8

Monocytes

Question 9

These cells circulate for a week and enter tissues to become macrophages

Answer 9

Monocytes

Question 10

Investigations for identifying cell primitive precursors

Answer 10

• Immunophenotyping

- Bioassays

Question 11

What is immunophenotyping?

Answer 11

Looking at the expression profile of proteins (antigens) on the surface of cells

Question 12

What are bio-assays?

Answer 12

Culturing cells in vitro to see lineage of progeny in different growth conditions

Question 13

Common site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

Answer 13

Posterior iliac crests

Question 14

How would you take a bone biopsy?

Answer 14

• core biopsy is obtained with a Jamshidi needle

- then decalcify, section and stain

Question 15

Function of monocytes?

Answer 15

• circulate for about a week and then enter tissues to become macrophages
• phagocytose invaders (kill them, present antigen to lymphocytes)
• attract other cells
• more long lived than neutrophils

Question 16

Describe the structure of monocytes

Answer 16

• Large single nucleus

- faintly staining granules, often vacuolated