intro to mental disorders Flashcards
define mental disorder
a mental disorder is a pyschiatric illness or disease whos manifestations are characterised primarily by behavioural or psychological impairment of functioning measured in terms of deprivation from some normative concept.
WHO definition of mental health
a state of wellbeing in which every individual realises their own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to their community.
mental disorder definition from the DSM
behavioural, psychological or biological disfunctions that are unexpected in the persons cultural context and are associated with significant distress and impairment in functioning, or increased risk of suffering, pain or death.
advantages of the use of the DSM
stabilises billing and coding, standardises diagnosis and treatment, guides research, guides treatment
disadvantages of the DSM
oversimplifies human behaviour, increases risk of misdiagnosis or over diagnosis
provides labels which can be stigmatising
causes of mental disorders are in what two models
the multi dimensional model, the linear/one dimensional model
whats the one dimensional model
to define psychopathology as having its origins diverging on a singular cause. so like schizophrenia is caused by an excess amount of dopamine
whats the multidimensional model
this is the model we prefer. this more looks at influences on the disease rather than causes. the psychopathology is caused by a complex interaction between multiple variables. these interactions occurring in various proportions and can result in both the same or different presentations depending on the mix.
what are some of the influences we have in the multidimensional model
social influences, biological influences, behavioural influences, and emotional and cognitice influences
