childhood disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the diagnostic criteria for IDD

A

deficits in intellectual functioning, reasoning, problem solving, planning, learning and judgement
deficits in adaptive functioning that results in failure to meet developmental and social standards for personal independance, and social responsibility
the onset of these is during the developmental period

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2
Q

risk factors of IDD

A

adverse postnatal environments - deprivation of nurturing and stimulation
problems during pregnancy - hypoxia, foetal alcohol syndrome, fetal malnurtition
general medical conditions like seizures and infections

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3
Q

what does IDD look like

A

early recognition is seen in severe impairment, impairment across multiple developmental domains, delayed milestones and presence of many potential risk factors

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4
Q

what is ASD

A

autism spectrum disorder. neuro-developmental issue. present in childhood and right across lifespan

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5
Q

diagnostic criteria for autism

A

persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, symptoms of all three - social emotional recipricocity, nonverbal communicative behaviours and relationships
restricted/repetitive behaviours, interests or activities at least 2
symptoms must be present in early childhood - may not become fully aware until the social demands exceed autistic persons capabilities
clinically significant impairment

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6
Q

what are the three domains of autism

A

social, communication and repetitive& restrictive behaviours.

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7
Q

ASD risk factors

A

Risk factors: maternal and paternal age, perinatal complications.
Common comorbidities: IDD, specific learning disorders, speech language disorders, anxiety, ADHD, mood

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8
Q

what can ASD also present

A

sleep onset and quality,eating and emotional regulation

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9
Q

what are the three types of ADHD

A

inattentive, hyperactive and combined

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10
Q

DSM criteria for ADHD

A

persistent pattern of inattention and or hyperactive impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development
6 or more symptoms in each category up to age 16, 5 or more from age 17,
present for at least 6 months and the behaviours are inappropriate for the developmental stage of the child.

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11
Q

what are the DSM criterion for ADHD

A

longitudinal: hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms causing impairment before age 12
cross sectional: impairment of symptoms in two or more settings
pervasiveness and severity criterion: clear evidence of clinically significant impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning
exclusion: do not occur during pervasive developmental disorder, psychotic disorders not better accounted for by mood or dissosiative disorders.

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12
Q

signs of inattentive disorder

A

inattention can be some of the following: fails to pay attention to details, makes careless mistakes, doesn’t seem to be listening when spoken to, often loses things, easily distracted by irrelevant stimuli.

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13
Q

signs of hyperactive ADHD

A

often fidgets, squirms in seat, runs around and climbs excessively, talks excessively, interrupts, blurts out answers. Answers.
Again the diagnosis of this disorder has to depend on developmental stages and the cultural norms.

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14
Q

whats the risk factors for ADHD

A

ADHD is rather genetic, as it is a deficiency in dopamine regulation genes

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15
Q

diagnostic criteria for oppositonal defiant disorder

A

pattern of angry/ irritable mood, arguementitive, defiant behaviour or vindictiveness for at least 6 months with at least 4 of the following: Loses temper, angry and resentful, argues with authority figures or adults, actively defies, refuses to comply with requests from authority figures, blames others for mistakes, spiteful, vindictive at least twice in the past 6 months.
also see distress in individual or others in immediate social context , or negative impact on social, educational areas of functioning
these behaviours do not occur during psychotic, substance use or depressive or bipolar episodes

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16
Q

criteria for intermittent explosive disorder

A

recurrent behavioural outbursts, failure to control aggressive impulses
verbal or physical aggression towards property, animals or people twice weekly for three months
actions involve damage, destruction, physical assault against animals or other individuals within the last 12 months.
the magnitude of the agression is out of proportion
not premeditated actions
causes marked distress and impairment
older than 6

17
Q

whats the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder

A

repetitive, persistent pattern of rights of others or major age appropriate societal norms, rules violeted 3 or more times within past 12 months one in the last one month
agressive towards people and animals
destruction of properties like fire starting
decietful or theft
serious violation of rules- truent from school beofre 13, staying out at night before 13 running away for two lengthy periods