anxiety Flashcards
what four domains does anxiety affect
physiological, cognitive, affective and behavioral
define abnormal anxeity and normal anxiety
normal is a survival measure, its a response to an objectively dangerous or threatening situation.
abnormal is when the degree of fear to a situation is disproportionate to the risk or situation severity. can also occur when there is no direct danger or threat.
whats the diagnostic criteria for panic attack disorders
an intense abrupt surge of fear that includes 4 or more of the following symptoms and peaks within 10 minutes, heart palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, dizzy, chills and many more.
must have recurrent unexpected panic attacks which have at least 4 symptoms and at least one of the attacks has been followed by a month or more of the following:
1: persistent concerns about additional attacks
2: significant maladaptive change in behaviour related to the attacks - acting to avoid them in a bad way.
cant be attributed to other disorders or any other state of mind
whats the diagnostic criteria for agoraphobia
being afraid of haaving a panic attack and not being able to escape the situation one finds themselves in.
it is marked by fear of two or more of the following: using public transports, being in open spaces, being in enclosed spaces - like shops, standing in line or being in a crowd, being outside of the home
the individual avoids these situations due to concerns about not being able to escape or help not being available to them
situation is actively avoided or they need companion to help them with it.
causes significant impairment in functioning or distress
whats the diagnostic criteria for specific phobia
marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation, almost always provoking immediate fear or anxiety
the fear is avoided entirely or endured with intense fear
the fear is recognised as unreasonable or excessive
6 months or more
the avoidance and fear causes significant distress and impairs functioning.
whats the diagnostic criteria for separation anxiety disorder
developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear concerning separation from those whom the individual is attached, three or more of the following:
1:recuurent excessive distress when anticipating or experiencing separation from home/attachment figures
2: persistent/excessive worry about losing attachment figure or possible harm to them
3: persistent worry about and event that will cause separation
4: reluctance or refusal to go out due to fear of separation
5: reluctance to be alone or without attachment figures in home or other settings
6: reluctance or refusal to sleep away from home or without attachment person there
7: nightmares involving separation
8: repeated complaints of physical symptoms when separated/ anticipated separation
diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder
1: a marked fear or anxiety about one or more situations in which the individual is exposed to a potential scrutiny of others
2: fears that one will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be looked down upon
3:social situations always provoke anxiety
4: these situations are thus avoided or undertaken with intense anxiety
5: these feelings are persistent over a 6 month period
6:avoidance, fear or anxiety causes significant distress or impairs function
diagnostic criteria for generalised anxiety disorder
excessive anxiety and worry occurrung more often than not for at least 6 months, this anxiety being about a number of things
the person finds it hard to control the worry
three or more of the following - on edge, easily fatigued, hard time concentrating , irritable, muscle tension, sleep disturbance
anxiety causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning
not attributable to physiological effects of drugs or of other disorders.
GAD vs normal anxiety
GAD is more excessive, interferes with physiological function. NPW is not excessive and perceieved to be more manageable. GAD is more pervasive and distressing for longer time periods, and frequently without precipitation. NPW can be put off when more pressing matters arise. GAD impairs functioning and ability to do things quickly and efficiently. GAD can come in two forms, type one worry - worrying about external events. Type 2 worry is worrying about the anxiety, the worry is uncontrollable, making me go crazy.
how were OCD and PTSD related to this lecture
they arent anxiety disorders but they both have similar treatment to anxiety disorders
diagnostic criteria of PTSD
1; exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence, by direct experience , witnessing it or having a loved one experience it
2:presence of one or more intrusive symptoms associated with the traumatic event - distressing memories, dreams, flashbacks , intense distress or physiological reactions to internal or external cues.
persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the event
negative alterations in cognition or mood
physiological arousal/ reactivity - reckless, irritable, anger, cant sleep.
F: duration of disturbance is more than a month
G: causes significant distress or impairment in functioning
Its not attribuatable to another illness or disorder.
diagnostic criteria for OCD
characterised by the presense of obcessions, or compulsions or both.
b: these obsessions and or compulsions are time consuming - greater than an hour a day - or cause impairment in functioning.
c: not attributable to drugs or oither disorder
individual attempts to ignore or suppress these thoughts or urges or neutralise them with a specific thought or act
whats an obcession in the DSM
recurring and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced as intrusive and unwanted
whats a compulsion in the DSM 5
repetitive behaviours or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in relation to an obsession or rules that must be applied. Behaviours or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety, or preventing some dreaded event or situation.
