Intro to Learning (3) Flashcards
What happens in classical conditioning?
2 stimuli repeatedly paired, response elicited by 2nd stimulus (UCS) eventually elicited by the 1st stimulus (NS) alone
Before conditioning, what is the strength of the connection of neurons between the UCS and the UR?
Strong connection
Before conditioning, what is the strength of the connection of neurons between the NS and the UR?
No connection
During the process of classical conditioning what happens between the neurons of the NS and the neurons of the UR?
gradually gets stronger, until the UCS is no longer needed.
What is an appetitive stimulus?
something that is looked for to satisfy a need
What is an aversive stimulus?
something that is avoided and unpleasant
What is the formula of a suppression ratio?
No. of CS responses/ (No. of CS responses+No. of pre CS responses)
What is the purpose of the suppression ratio?
measure the strength of conditioning
What is excitatory conditioning?
Ability of a CS to increase the probability/magnitude of a response
What is inhibitory conditioning?
Ability of a CS to decrease the probability/magnitude of a response
4 types of temporal arrangement of stimuli?
Delayed
Trace
Simultaneous
Backward
What is delayed temporal arrangement of stimuli?
onset of NS before onset of UCS
What is trace temporal arrangement of stimuli?
offset of NS before onset of UCS
What is simultaneous temporal arrangement of stimuli?
onset of NS and UCS is the same
What is backward temporal arrangement of stimuli?
onset of NS after onset of UCS
What is the inter stimulus interval?
time between onset of CS and onset of UCS
What 2 factors increase acquisition speed?
Stronger NS and UCS
What is extinction of a response?
CR weakened/eliminated when CS is repeatedly present in absence of UCS.
What is forgetting in classical conditioning?
Suppression of connection strength between CS and CR over time.
What is spontaneous recovery?
CR reappears after rest period from extinction
What is disinhibition?
recovery of a response during extinction when a new stimulus is introduced
Why does disinhibition occur?
as the novel stimulus changes the associative value of the CS
What is stimulus generalization?
conditioning occurs to stimuli similar to the original CS
What is stimulus discrimination?
conditioning occurs in relation to specific stimulus, no generalization
Why does stimulus discrimination occur?
neural activity builds in relation to a specific stimuli
