Intro to Learning (2)

Question 1

What is an elicited behavior?

Answer 1

behavior that is automatically drawn out by the presence of the stimuli

Question 2

What is an example of an elicited behavior?

Answer 2

reflex

Question 3

What is habituation?

Answer 3

process where an innate response decreases in responsiveness to a stimulus

Question 4

How does habituation occur?

Answer 4

if the stimulus is repeated and has no effect

Question 5

What is sensitization?

Answer 5

process where an innate response increases in responsiveness to stimulus

Question 6

How does sensitization occur?

Answer 6

if the stimulus is repeated and has increasing effect

Question 7

What is a stimulus?

Answer 7

object/event in the environment that has an effect on the organism.

Question 8

What is a response?

Answer 8

behavior triggered by a stimulus

Question 9

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 9

Where innate behaviors are produced in new situations.

Question 10

What is associative learning?

Answer 10

learn there is a relationship between 2 events

Question 11

What is Hebb’s rule of biological of association?

Answer 11

neurons fire together they wire together

neurons fire apart they wire apart

Question 12

What happens when ‘neurons fire together they wire together’?

Answer 12

the connection between them strengthens, making them more likely to fire together again.

Question 13

What happens when ‘neurons fire apart they wire apart’?

Answer 13

connection weakens, making them more likely to act independently of each other

Question 14

What is a contingency?

Answer 14

predictive relationship between 2 stimuli, one event predicts probable outcome of the other.

Question 15

What happens in operant conditioning?

Answer 15

subject learns to associate their response with a consequence

Question 16

What is an overt response?

Answer 16

behavior that can be observed by others

Question 17

What is a covert response?

Answer 17

behavior that be perceived only by the person performing it

Question 18

What is behaviorism?

Answer 18

study of directly observable behavior

Question 19

What does Watson’s Methodological behaviorism state about behavior?

Answer 19

all reflexive, no internal factor affect it.

Question 20

What does Watson’s Methodological behaviorism state about learning?

Answer 20

connection between stimulus and responses

Question 21

What does Watson’s Methodological behaviorism state about reflexes infants are born with?

Answer 21

Rage
Fear
Love

Question 22

What does Hull’s neobehaviorism state?

Answer 22

internal processes mediate between environment and behavior

Question 23

In Hull’s neobehaviorism approach, when can behavior be studied?

Answer 23

if it is operationalised

Question 24

What does Skinner’s Radical behaviorism state about behavior?

Answer 24

environment influences external behavior and internal events

Question 25

What does Skinner’s Radical behaviorism state about internal events?

Answer 25

they are behaviors to be explained

Question 26

According to Skinner’s Radical behaviorism, what can’t you use internal events for?

Answer 26

to explain behaviour

Question 27

2 ways in which you can mediate learning?

Answer 27

Satiation

Deprivation

Question 28

What is Satiation?

Answer 28

Prolonged exposure to stimulus decreases your drive to want that stimulus

Question 29

What is Deprivation?

Answer 29

Prolonged absence to stimulus increases your drive to want that stimulus

Question 30

What does Tolman’s Cognitive behaviorism state about behavior?

Answer 30

it is goal directed, broader approach to learning

Question 31

What does Tolman’s Cognitive behaviorism state about mediators of behavior?

Answer 31

both physiological and mental

Question 32

What does Bandura’s Social Learning Theory state about learning?

Answer 32

Observable behavior, environment and individual thoughts/feelings influence learning