Intro To Industrial/Org. Psych

Question 1

Fill Blank: What _______-Level Selection

Answer 1

Group level Selection

Question 2

What fundamental psychological human need drives the urge to form groups?

Answer 2

The need to belong

Question 3

What are the 3 characteristics of any “Organization”

Answer 3

Social Invention- It is made up of, and by, people (Who need to be managed efectively

Goal Accomplishment- The org. works towards some goal as a whole

Group Effort- People coordinate and interact to get work done

Question 4

What is OB?

Answer 4

Organizational Behaviour

The field of behavioural science that seeks knowledge of how people think, feel, and act in organizations by studying individual and group processes

Question 5

Name some components of OB

Answer 5

Attitudes- (Job Satisfaction, organizational commitment)

Behaviours-( Cooperation conflict, ethical actions)

Competitive Advantage

Predict+Explain (analysis) and Manage (action)

Question 6

What is the theme/origins of Industrial/Personnel Psychology? What issues does it deal with?

Answer 6

Theme: Matching people to jobs
Origin: WWI, WWII

Issues: Job analysis
Personnel selection
training
performance appraisal

Question 7

What are the 6 Foundations of Morality

Answer 7

Care, Fairness, Loyalty, Authority, Sanctity/ Purity, and Freedom/Liberty

Question 8

Describe the Psych Measure vs. Performance Measure System (Square grid diagram) and its assumptions

Answer 8

The idea is that a psychological construct first of all, is correlated to a persons job performance, and second of all, that that construct can be measured or quanitified to some degree, and third of all, that that measure will be able to predict a persons job performance

Question 9

Name 3 major influences on I/o Psych

Answer 9

Scientific Management
Human Relations Movement
Human Resources Movement

Question 10

Describe the basic principles of scientific management

Answer 10

Task simplification
Std’zd procedures to maximize efficiency
Worker specialization
Pay as the key motivator

Question 11

Describe the bureaucratic system

Answer 11

Strict chain of command
Merit based selection and promotion
Centralization of power at top
Detailed rules and procedures

Question 12

What was the goal, expected result, and real result of the Hawthorne studies experiments?

Answer 12

Goal: Det what impact physical environment (eg lighting) had on productivity
Expectation: Treatment group would have increased productivity
Result: Both Treatment and control groups productivity went up.

Question 13

Describe what is known as the Hawthorne effect

Answer 13

Reactive changes in behaviour in response to the awareness of being observed

Question 14

What did the Human Relations Movement Emphasize?

Answer 14

Humane treatment
Improved Interpersonal Relations
Meaningful Work
Increased Autonomy

Question 15

Name a couple of criticisms of the bureaucratic and classical management systems

Answer 15

Specialization doesnt allow for growth and achievement
Centralization of authority doesnt allow for capitalizing on front line worker knowledge
Strict, impersonal rules can diminish flexibility and limit performance only to what is specified

Question 16

What is described by “Contingency Approach”

Answer 16

Using different management approaches across departments within the same company, each approach best suited to the nature of the work being done by the people being managed

Question 17

What new perspective did the “Human Resources Movement” bring?

Answer 17

New perspective on employees
They are highly skilled and knowledgeable
They want challenging and meaningful work
They must be managed as a valued resource

Question 18

Describe 3 roles managers can fill

Answer 18

Informational Roles(monitor, disseminate, spokesperson)
Interpersonal Roles(figurehead, leader, liaison)
Decisional Roles (Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator)

Question 19

What are two contemporary management challenges?

Answer 19

Changes in workforce composition

Globalization of Economy

Question 20

What are the 5 stages of the process of the scientific method when researching?

Answer 20

Hypothesize
Design Experiment
Collect Data
Analyze Data
Report Findings