Intro to Hematologic Malignancies Flashcards
_______ express TdT
Lymphoblasts
A malignancy of hematopoietic cells where the main manifestation is in the blood and marrow
Leukemia
A malignancy of hematopoietic cells, derived from lymphocytes or precursors, that presents primarily as a solid mass
Lymphoma
A malignancy of hematopoietic cells, derived from myeloid cells or precursor, presenting primarily as a solid mass
Extramedullary Myeloid Tumor
ALL is a worse disease in ______ (demographic).
adults
ALL is more common in _______ (demographic).
children
AML is more common in ______ (demographic).
Older adults (Avg. age: 65)
B-lymphoblasts often express ________.
CD19, CD22, and CD79a
CD117 is often seen in ______.
Myeloid Cells
CD14 is often seen in ______.
Monocytes
CD19 is often seen in __-lymphoblasts.
B
CD1a is often seen in _______.
T-lymphoblasts
CD2 is often seen in __-lymphoblasts.
T
CD20 is often seen in _____.
Mature B cells
CD22 is often seen in __-lymphoblasts.
B
CD3 is often seen in __-lymphblasts.
T
CD34 is often seen in ______.
immature cells
CD4 and/or CD 8 are often seen in __-lymphoblasts
T
CD41 is often seen in _____
Megakaryoblasts
CD61 is often seen in _______.
Megakaryoblasts
CD64 is often seen in ______.
Monocytes
CD7 is often seen in __-lymphoblasts.
T
CD79a is often seen in __-lymphoblasts.
B
CD99 is often seen in _______.
T-lymphoblasts
Chemotherapy treatment that increases risk of acute leukemia
DNA-alkylating agents and Topoisomerase II inhibitors
Effects of leukemia that are direct but rare (3)
Thrombotic events (leukostasis), DIC, Infiltration of Tissues (skin, gums, lymph nodes, etc.)
Epstein Barr Virus has an oncogenic role in the following lymphomas: ______
Burkitt, Hodgkin, B-Cell Non-Hodgkin
Genetic Syndromes associated with increased risk of leukemia
Down Syndrome, Blood Syndrome, Fanconi anemia, ataxia-telangiectasia
Group of conditions where a clonal population derived from a neoplastic hematopoietic stem cell takes over the marrow, such that the marrow is not capable of making normal blood cells in one or more lineages
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Immature cells often express ____.
CD34
Lymphoblasts specifically express the nuclear enzyme _____.
TdT
Mature B cells often express ______, which are not seen in B-lymphoblasts
CD20, sIgG
Megakaryblasts often express _____.
CD41, CD61
Monocytes often express ____.
CD14, CD64
Most common type of childhood cancer
Leukemia
Myeloid cells often express _____.
CD117 and myeloperoxidase
Myeloperoxidase is often seen in ______.
Myeloid Cells
Neoplastic clonal proliferations of the marrow where the clone makes normal functioning blood cells usually in multiple lineages, but makes too many of them in one or more lineages
Myeloproliferative Neoplasm
Risk Factors for Acute Leukemia (5)
Previous chemotherapy, tobacco smoke, ionizing radiation, benzene exposure, genetic syndromes
sIgG is often seen in _____.
Mature B cells
Symptoms/Signs of Neutropenia (2)
Fever, Infections
Symptoms/Signs of Thrombocytopenia (3)
Bruising, petechiae, hemorrhage
T lineage antigens of immature cells: ____
CD99, CD1a
T lymphoblasts often express _____.
CD2, CD3, CD7, CD4 and/or CD8
Usually due to rapid accumulation of immature cells in the marrow that replace normal cells, resulting in cytopenias
Acute Leukemias
