Intro to Anat and Phys Objectives Flashcards
what are the 7 characteristics of life
- composed of cells
- metabolism
- growth
- building outweighs breaking down
- increase in # or size of cells - excretion
- responsiveness or irritability
- movement
- entire organism
- individual cells
- materials within or between cells - reproduction
what are the major structural levels of the human body
molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
what are the different types of anatomy
- systemic anatomy
- regional anatomy
- surface anatomy
- gross anatomy
- microscopic anatomy (histology cytology)
what are the core principles of homeostasis
- feedback loops
- relationship between structure and function
- ## gradients
how are gradients necessary in homeostasis
They drive respiration, nutrient exchange, and the formation of urine
what are 3 common gradients in the human body
temperature, concentration, and pressure gradient
What is a feedback loop’s core principle
two mechanisms vital to the maintenance of homeostasis
Why are negative feedback loops more common than positive
because they are the reaction to changes in blood sugar, body temperature, pH balances, etc. which are more common
how are structure and function related
an organ will always have the structure to support its function effectively
why is it necessary for cells to be able to communicate with each other
- it is required to coordinate bodily functions
- cells must work together in order to keep a homeostatic balance
how do cells communicate with each other?
- usually through chemical or electrical messages
- it triggers a response from another cell
how do electrical signals work?
usually transmitted between neighboring cells
how do chemical signals work?
they can affect neighboring cells OR travel to distant cells to cause an effect
