Intro A Flashcards
Skeletal System definition
all of the bones and cartilage of the body that collectively provide the supporting framework for the muscles and organs
Articulating surface
The part of the bone that enters into the formation of a joint
Articulation
A joint between two or more bones
Bony sinus
hollow cavity within bone
border
ridge of bone separating two surfaces
condyle
smooth rounded projection of bone that forms part of joint
facet
small, flat articulating surface
fissure/cleft
narrow slit
Foramen
hole in a structure
Fossa
hollow or depression
meatus
tube shaped cavity within a bone
septum
partition separating two cavities
6 functions of bone
framework of body attachment of muscles and tendons movement protect organs haemopoiesis mineral storage
3 examples of long bone
femur, tibia and fibula
5 types of bones
long, short, irregular, flat and sesamoid
example of short bone
carpal
example of irregular bones
vertebrae
example of flat bones
sternum
example of sesamoid bone
patella
what do bone markings allow for
give attachment to muscle tendons and ligaments
What does axial skeleton consist of
skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum
what does appendicular skeleton consist of
shoulder girdle + upper limbs and hip girdle + lower limbs
what defines a joint
site at which any two or more bones articulate or come together
Do fibrous joints allow movement
no
Important example of fibrous joint
sutures
description of the movement of cartilaginous joints
either immovable or has limited degree of movement
example of limited moving cartilaginous joint
between vertebra
description of synovial joints
presence of space or capsule between the bones allowing range of movement
parts of bone that are in contact are always covered with
hyaline cartilage
Describe capsular joint
joint surrounded by a sleeve of fibrous tissue which holds the bones together, protecting from injury
What areas of the joint does the synovial membrane cover
all non weight bearing surfaces
5 synovial fluid functions
nourishes the structure phagocytes lubricant stability keeps bones together
what are bursa/bursae
sac of synovial fluid in joints that act as a cushion
generally synovial bursa contain up to how much fluid
4mm
are collapsed synovial bursa visualized
no
describe supination
turning palm of hand up
describe eversion
turning sole of soot out
describe circumduction
movement of limb or digit in the shape of a cone
6 types of synovial joints
plane, saddle, hinge, pivot, ball and socket, ellipsoid
example of ball and socket
shoulder and hip
example of hinge
elbow, knee, ankle, joints in phalanges
hinge joints restricted to what movement
extension and flexion
description of gliding joint
articular surfaces are mostly flat and glide over one another
examples of gliding joints
carpal bones, tarsal bones, spinal vertebra
pivot joint main example
head on the C1 vertebra
what is a condyle joint
one bone sits in a cup depression of another bone
condyle joint examples
joints between metacarpal, phalanges of hand, metatarsal and phalangeal bones of foot
saddle joint example
thumb
shade joint is like what joint? whats the difference
condyle joint but it has more flexibility
