Foot and ankle scan protocol Flashcards
(33 cards)
Structure of interest in anterior ankle (3)
anterior joint space, anterior extensor tendons, anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
normal amount of fluid in anterior joint space
3mm
anterior talo-fibula ligament (ATFL) appearance
2cm long, 3mm tight fibrillar structure anglesd toward the second toes
Tibio-Fibula ligament has similar appearance to
anterior talo-fibula ligament
extensor tendons consist of
extensor digitorum, extensor hallucis and tibialis anterior
how do we tell separate extensor tendon
by independently mobilising each of the toes and watching the tendons glide, you can identify which is which and exclude tendon rupture
lateral ankle structures of interest
peroneous longus and brevis tendons
calcaneo- fibula ligament
anterior talo fibula ligament
Which is more common Ankle ligament injury or tendon injury
ligament injury
most commonly injured ankle ligament
Anterior talofibular ligament
most commonly dislocated
peroneal tendons
which is closer to bone Peroneus longus and brevis tendons
peroneus brevis
what is important to see with peroneus brevis
insertion onto the base of 5th metatarsal
where do we put the probe to see calcaneo fibular ligament
probe diagonally under the malleolus, angled from the fibula to the heel
medial ankle structures of interest
Tibialis Posterior tendon Flexor Digitorum tendon Flexor Hallucis Longus tendon Deltoid ligament Posterior tibial nerve
posterior ankle structures of interest
Achilles tendon
Retrocalcaneal (Kager’s) fat-pad
Retrocalcaneal bursa
Plantar fascia
Normal thickness of achilles tendon
5-6mm
most frequently injured ankle tendon
achilles tendon
Most common site injury on achilles tendon
2-6 cm proximal to calcaneal insertion (area relative avascularity)
achilles tendon is only ankle tendon that does not have
synovial sheath
should achilles tendon have fluid around it?
no
normal amount of fluid in retrocalacaneal bursa
2-3mm
normal thickness and echotexture of plantar fascia
3-4mm and uniform echotexture
plantar fascia seen as ________ structure inserting on ____
fibrillar structure inserting onto the calcaneum
plantar fascia appearance
flat and homogenous