Hip Pathology Flashcards
What is snapping hip syndrome also known as
coxa saltans - “dancers hip”
What is snapping hip syndrome
an audible clicking/popping sound heard with movement of the hip
What causes the sound in snapping hip syndrome
the hip tendon and/or muscle sliding across the bone and the tendons become inflamed
What are the three main types of snapping hip syndrome
internal
external
intra-articular
What is internal SHS
occurs when iliopsoas tendon slides over the pelvic bone at the front of the hip joint
also when the quad muscle goes over the ball portion of joint
What is external SHS
occurs when iliotibial band slides over the top of the femur (greater trochanter)
What is intra-articular
caused by articular cartilage injury, acetabular labral tear, broken bone fragments of loose tissue becoming trapped in the ball and socket joint
What type of SHS occurs suddenly from trauma and injury
intra-articular
What is a labral tear
just hit the blue
tear of the labrum (pulls away from socket)
Where is the labrum
ring of cartilage that lines the acetabulum
What can cause a labral tear?
trauma
repetitive motions
structural abnormalities
What are some examples of structural abnormalities that can cause a labral tear?
DDH (developmental dysplasia of hip)
osteoarthritis
rotated pelvis
Lots of images
Look at them
What will we see with ischial bursitis sonographicall
enlarged bursa
mixed echogenicity
hypervascularity in bursa wall
Where might a hamstring tear occur
body of the muscle of musculotendinous junction
What does inflammation of the ITB cause for the patient
outer knee pain and pain in the hip
What are risk factors for DDH
female
family hx
breech presentation
oligohydramnios
What is the best modality for testing <6mo’s for DDH
US
also good bc of dynamic imaging
What are the angles used to objectively assess morphology of DDH
alpha angle
beta angle
What’s the alpha angle
angle formed by acetabular roof to the vertical cortex of the ilium
similar measurement to the acetabular angle
What’s the normal value for the alpha angle
> /60 degrees
What’s the beta angle
angle formed between the vertical cortex of the ilium and the triangular labral fibrocarticular (echogenic triangle)
only useful for assessing immature hips when combined with alpha angle
What’s the normal value for the beta angle
<77 degrees
What is bony coverage
The % of the femoral epiphysis covered by the acetabular roof
What’s the normal value for bony coverage
58%
