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Anatomy and Physiology of Speech > Intrinsic Muscles of the Laryngeal System > Flashcards

Intrinsic Muscles of the Laryngeal System Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of Conus Elasticus

A

superior rim of the cricoid

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2
Q

Insertion of Conus Elasticus

A

edges of the vocal ligament and the arytenoids

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3
Q

Membranous Glottis

A

3/5th of anterior portion

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4
Q

Cartilaginous Glottis

A

remainder posterior 2/5ths

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5
Q

Vestibule

A

Supraglottal region that begins inferiorly just above the ventricular folds to the opening of the larynx

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6
Q

Subglottal Atrium

A

from vocal folds (just below glottis) and below

-lined with cilia to help remove mucus accumulations and foreign matter from respiratory tract

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7
Q

Valleculae

A

space between epiglottis and root of tongue

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8
Q

Ventricle (Laryngeal Ventricle)

A

small supraglottis region between vocal folds and ventricular folds

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9
Q

Ventricular Folds

A

aka False folds

  • soft and flaccid indentations
  • incapable of becoming tense
  • under normal circumstances do not vibrate during phonation
  • false glottis is larger than actual glottis
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10
Q

Intrinsic muscles

A

muscles that have both attachments inside the larynx

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11
Q

Cricothyroid muscles

A

bilateral pairs that span superiolaterally between the cricoid and thyroid cartilages

  • pars recta
  • pars oblique
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12
Q

Pars Recta origin

A

arch of the cricoid cartilages

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13
Q

Pars Recta Insert

A

inferior border of the thyroid lamina

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14
Q

Pars Recta Action

A

rocks thyroid anteriorly and inferiorly (forward and down), closer to cricoid

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15
Q

Pars Oblique Origin

A

arch of cricoid cartilage

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16
Q

PArs Oblique Insert

A

inferior horn of the thyroid

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17
Q

Pars Oblique Action

A

pulls thyroid anteriorly

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18
Q

Cricothyroid muscles overall action

A

rock cricoid and thyroid closer to the other

lengthens VFs, thus increasing tension and decreasing mass, thus affecting pitch

increase length and tension of VFs

19
Q

Posterior Cricoarytenoid (PCA)

A

large fan shaped muscle located on the dorsal surface of the cricoid

20
Q

Origin of Conus Elasticus

A

superior rim of the cricoid

21
Q

PCA origin

A

lateral/posterior half of cricoid lamina

22
Q

PCA insert

A

superior surface of muscular process of arytenoid

23
Q

PCA action

A

abducts the arytenoids, thus abducting the VFs

*only Vf abductor of larynx

24
Q

Lateral Cricoarytenoid (LCA)

A

small muscle, yet very important for vocalization

25
Q

LCA origin

A

superior rim on anterior/lateral portion of the cricoid cartilage

26
Q

LCA insert

A

posterosuperior (back and up) course to the lateral half of the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage

27
Q

LCA action

A

adduction, or bringing the VFs together

antagonist to PCA

involved in medial compression-the force exerted to close VFs

28
Q

Interarytenoids (IA)

A

between the arytenoids

included oblique arytenoid and the transverse arytenoid muscles

29
Q

Oblique (Inter)Arytenoid (OIA) origin

A

medial half of the muscular process (base) of arytenoid cartilages

30
Q

OIA insert

A

courses superomedial, cross midline and insert into the contralateral arytenoid on the apex

31
Q

OIA action

A

adduct VFs

agonist to LCA

32
Q

Transverse (Inter)Arytenoid (TIA) origin

A

posterior surface of arytenoid cartilage

33
Q

TIA insert

A

attaches to dorsomedial surface of opposite arytenoid cartilage

34
Q

TIA action

A

powerful VF adductor, draw apexes together

35
Q

Thryoarytenoid (TA)

A

extends anterior-posteriorly (front to back) to make up the muscle mass of the vocal folds (true vocal folds)

composed of medial and lateral parts

36
Q

TA origin

A

deep surface of thyroid lamina, near angle

37
Q

TA insert

A

vocal process of arytenoids

38
Q

TA action

A

decreases distance between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages, thus shortening VFs

  • acts as a regulator of longitudinal tension
  • when unopposed by other mm’s, TA relaxes VFs
  • when opposed by other mm’s, increase in tension of VFs
39
Q

Cover of VFs

A

epithelium and superficial layer of lamina propria

40
Q

Transition of VFs

A

immediate and deep layers of lamina propria

also make up vocal ligament

41
Q

Body of VFs

A

throarytenoid muscles

42
Q

Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles (strap muscles)

A

muscles that have 1 attachment to structures outside of the larynx

-primarily responsible for the support of the larynx and for fixing it in position

43
Q

Infrahyoids

A

point of attachment outside of larynx is below hyoid bone

when mm’s contract, they pull the larynx down

origin is inferior to insertion

44
Q

suprahyoids

A

attachment outside larynx is above hyoid bone

when mm’s contract, pull larynx up

origin is superior to insertion

Anatomy and Physiology of Speech (22 decks)

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