Intrinsic Muscles of the Laryngeal System

Question 1

Origin of Conus Elasticus

Answer 1

superior rim of the cricoid

Question 2

Insertion of Conus Elasticus

Answer 2

edges of the vocal ligament and the arytenoids

Question 3

Membranous Glottis

Answer 3

3/5th of anterior portion

Question 4

Cartilaginous Glottis

Answer 4

remainder posterior 2/5ths

Question 5

Vestibule

Answer 5

Supraglottal region that begins inferiorly just above the ventricular folds to the opening of the larynx

Question 6

Subglottal Atrium

Answer 6

from vocal folds (just below glottis) and below

-lined with cilia to help remove mucus accumulations and foreign matter from respiratory tract

Question 7

Valleculae

Answer 7

space between epiglottis and root of tongue

Question 8

Ventricle (Laryngeal Ventricle)

Answer 8

small supraglottis region between vocal folds and ventricular folds

Question 9

Ventricular Folds

Answer 9

aka False folds

• soft and flaccid indentations
• incapable of becoming tense
• under normal circumstances do not vibrate during phonation
• false glottis is larger than actual glottis

Question 10

Intrinsic muscles

Answer 10

muscles that have both attachments inside the larynx

Question 11

Cricothyroid muscles

Answer 11

bilateral pairs that span superiolaterally between the cricoid and thyroid cartilages

• pars recta
• pars oblique

Question 12

Pars Recta origin

Answer 12

arch of the cricoid cartilages

Question 13

Pars Recta Insert

Answer 13

inferior border of the thyroid lamina

Question 14

Pars Recta Action

Answer 14

rocks thyroid anteriorly and inferiorly (forward and down), closer to cricoid

Question 15

Pars Oblique Origin

Answer 15

arch of cricoid cartilage

Question 16

PArs Oblique Insert

Answer 16

inferior horn of the thyroid

Question 17

Pars Oblique Action

Answer 17

pulls thyroid anteriorly

Question 18

Cricothyroid muscles overall action

Answer 18

rock cricoid and thyroid closer to the other

lengthens VFs, thus increasing tension and decreasing mass, thus affecting pitch

increase length and tension of VFs

Question 19

Posterior Cricoarytenoid (PCA)

Answer 19

large fan shaped muscle located on the dorsal surface of the cricoid

Question 20

Origin of Conus Elasticus

Answer 20

superior rim of the cricoid

Question 21

PCA origin

Answer 21

lateral/posterior half of cricoid lamina

Question 22

PCA insert

Answer 22

superior surface of muscular process of arytenoid

Question 23

PCA action

Answer 23

abducts the arytenoids, thus abducting the VFs

*only Vf abductor of larynx

Question 24

Lateral Cricoarytenoid (LCA)

Answer 24

small muscle, yet very important for vocalization

Question 25

LCA origin

Answer 25

superior rim on anterior/lateral portion of the cricoid cartilage

Question 26

LCA insert

Answer 26

posterosuperior (back and up) course to the lateral half of the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage

Question 27

LCA action

Answer 27

adduction, or bringing the VFs together antagonist to PCA involved in medial compression-the force exerted to close VFs

Question 28

Interarytenoids (IA)

Answer 28

between the arytenoids included oblique arytenoid and the transverse arytenoid muscles

Question 29

Oblique (Inter)Arytenoid (OIA) origin

Answer 29

medial half of the muscular process (base) of arytenoid cartilages

Question 30

OIA insert

Answer 30

courses superomedial, cross midline and insert into the contralateral arytenoid on the apex

Question 31

OIA action

Answer 31

adduct VFs agonist to LCA

Question 32

Transverse (Inter)Arytenoid (TIA) origin

Answer 32

posterior surface of arytenoid cartilage

Question 33

TIA insert

Answer 33

attaches to dorsomedial surface of opposite arytenoid cartilage

Question 34

TIA action

Answer 34

powerful VF adductor, draw apexes together

Question 35

Thryoarytenoid (TA)

Answer 35

extends anterior-posteriorly (front to back) to make up the muscle mass of the vocal folds (true vocal folds) composed of medial and lateral parts

Question 36

TA origin

Answer 36

deep surface of thyroid lamina, near angle

Question 37

TA insert

Answer 37

vocal process of arytenoids

Question 38

TA action

Answer 38

decreases distance between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages, thus shortening VFs - acts as a regulator of longitudinal tension - when unopposed by other mm's, TA relaxes VFs - when opposed by other mm's, increase in tension of VFs

Question 39

Cover of VFs

Answer 39

epithelium and superficial layer of lamina propria

Question 40

Transition of VFs

Answer 40

immediate and deep layers of lamina propria also make up vocal ligament

Question 41

Body of VFs

Answer 41

throarytenoid muscles

Question 42

Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles (strap muscles)

Answer 42

muscles that have 1 attachment to structures outside of the larynx -primarily responsible for the support of the larynx and for fixing it in position

Question 43

Infrahyoids

Answer 43

point of attachment outside of larynx is below hyoid bone when mm's contract, they pull the larynx down origin is inferior to insertion

Question 44

suprahyoids

Answer 44

attachment outside larynx is above hyoid bone when mm's contract, pull larynx up origin is superior to insertion