Intoxication/ToxicoInfection/Short IP

Question 1

Intoxification

Answer 1

Ingestion of preformed toxins, organism does not have to be present

Question 2

Toxico-infections

Answer 2

Ingest microorganism with preformed toxin associated released upon replication (part of bug)

Question 3

Infections with short IP

Answer 3

toxin acts within 24 hours of entry

Question 4

Staph Aureus Clin

Answer 4

Intoxication; sudden onset of severe nausea and vomiting. Rapid onset with IP less than 1-6 hrs

Question 5

Staph Aureus Char

Answer 5

Gram pos cocci in clusters

Question 6

Staph Aureus VF

Answer 6

Multi enterotoxins which act to stimulate vagus nerve endings in stomach leading to emetic response. Acts as superantigen triggering release of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma into bloodstream

Question 7

Staph Aureus Trans

Answer 7

Contaminated food, high fat such as mayo or custards

Question 8

Staph Aureus Diag

Answer 8

Clinical; MSA (spec mannitol ferm) and coag pos, beta-hemolytic

Question 9

Bacillus Cereus Clinical 1

Answer 9

Intoxication/emetic syndrome. Ingest preformed cereulide stimulates vagus nerve leading to emetic response. Heat stable. One to six hour IP lasts 24 hours. Profuse vomiting, nausea, abd cramps. Diarrhea absent. Common sources are rice dishes at ambient temps.

Question 10

Bacillus Cereus Clinical 2

Answer 10

Infection/Diarrhea Syndrome. Ingestion of organism with subsequent production of enterotoxin which is heat labile. Six to 16 hour IP, lasts 24 hours. Watery diarrhea, nausea, abd cramps, vomiting absent. Source = Stews with veggies, veg dishes

Question 11

Bacillus Cereus Char

Answer 11

Gram pos rod, spore forming, aerobe

Question 12

Bacillus Cereus VF

Answer 12

Emetic enterotoxin and diarrheal enterotoxin

Question 13

Bacillus Cereus Res

Answer 13

Enviroment (rice and veggies)

Question 14

Bacillus Cereus Trans

Answer 14

Consumption of toxin/microorganism

Question 15

Bacillus Cereus RF

Answer 15

Root vegtables

Question 16

Bacillus Cereus Diag

Answer 16

Clinical; stool/vomit/food for toxin or culture

Question 17

Clostridium Perfinges Clin

Answer 17

Toxicoinfection. Watery diarrhea with no fever or vomit. Delayed onset (6-24 hrs)

Question 18

Clostridium Perfinges Char

Answer 18

Gram pos rod, spore forming, anaerobe

Question 19

Clostridium Perfinges VF

Answer 19

CPE is an enterotoxin associated with spore coat. Heat labile that disrupts tight junctions

Question 20

Clostridium Perfinges Res

Answer 20

Enviro; gut flora

Question 21

Clostridium Perfinges Trans

Answer 21

Contaminated food

Question 22

Clostridium Perfinges RF

Answer 22

reheated meats, poultry, gravies (high protein foods)

Question 23

Clostridium Perfinges Diag

Answer 23

Detect toxin in feces, culture from food.
Egg yolk agar - lacthinase produces reaction
Double Zone of hemolysis

Question 24

Clostridium Botulinum Clinical 1

Answer 24

Botulism in healthy children and adults. Intoxification. 12-72 hr IP, lasts days to months. Bilateral descending paralysis, possible resp impairment. Blurred vision, ptosis, diplopia. Loss of throat and mouth function, dysphagia. Abd pain and constipation

Question 25

Clostridium Botulinum Clinical 2

Answer 25

Infant Botulism. Food infection - spores become vegetative cells in gut of infants. Less than 1 yr old due to low normal flora growth. 3-30day IP. Common source = honey, canned foods. Lethargy, constipation, poor sucking = “floppy baby syndrome”

Question 26

Clostridium Botulinum Char

Answer 26

Gram pos rod, spore forming, anaerobe

Question 27

Clostridium Botulinum VF

Answer 27

Botulism Toxin - blocks ACH, heat labile, on lys phage. 8 different toxins, 4 act on humans. AB toxin, target = cholinergic nerves.

Invasive enzymes: Lipase, caseinase, gelatinase

Question 28

Clostridium Botulinum Diag

Answer 28

Toxin assay or Culture

Question 29

Clostridium Botulinum Tx

Answer 29

Trivalent botulinum anti-toxin