International Law and Global Governance Flashcards
1
Q
What is global governance?
A
- Management of common affairs
- Continent process through which
conflicting or diverse interest may
be accommodated and cooperative
action may be taken - Includes forma as well as informal
arrangements that people and
institutions have agreed to or
perceive to be in their interests
2
Q
What are regimes?
A
- Norms, rules and procedures agreed to
in order to regulate an issue area
- Norms
- Why states collaborate
- Rules
- What the collaboration is about
- Procedures
- How the collaboration is to be
carried out
- International organisations are the
bureauractic structures created to
carry out the procedures
- eg. Bretton Woods system, Antartica
Treaty regime
3
Q
Where is the state’s place in global governance?
A
- They have de jure sovereignty
- In reality, they have de facto
limitation due to their ties (whether
social, political or economic) to
other states - However, some are more vulnerable or
sensitive to changes in policies than
others - And this vulnerability varies across
issue areas
4
Q
What are International Organisations and what classifies something as one?
A
- Entity created with sufficient organisation structure and autonomy to provide formal, ongoing, multilateral processes of decision-making between states, along with capacity to executer the collective will of their members (states) - A majority of the funding for their ongoing operations of the organisation must be non-symbolic, systematically available and independent of any one state or another organisation - A permanent headquarters and non-symbolic, professional staffing - Meetings at least every four years
5
Q
Why and how are IO’s created?
A
- They are formed when there is
sufficient will by a critical mass of
states
- One of the defining characteristics
of IO’s is that they are created by
states and limit state action, but
are not themselves states
- However, there are myriad potential
reasons for this critical mass being
formed
- It could be a hegemony pushing
things along
- There could be an evolving
consensus of mutual interest and
needs to act
6
Q
What are the effectiveness of IO’s dependent on?
A
- Centralisation
* Neutrality
7
Q
What is centralisation in regard to IOs
A
- A concrete and stable organisational
structure
- A supportive administrative apparatus
- These two factors can lead to
difficulty in adapting to changing
power relations (Security Council,
NATO)
- Allows for pooling of risks, assets
and activities
- Allows for joint production
- NATO helps in the joint
production of security
- World Bank centralises efforts to
aid development
- Norm elaboration and coordination
8
Q
What is neutrality in regard to IOs
A
- Neutrality = Independence + Impartiality
- Able to act with autonomy
- Operates impartially in managing
conflicts
- Neutrality can be important in
providing information seen as credible - Also important
- when serving as a trustee of
state responsibilities- IO as escrow agent
- Peacekeeping
- As well as allocating scarce goods
- when serving as a trustee of
9
Q
What happens when IOs are not the answer?
A
- If the perception of mutual self-interest is strong enough, norms or rules might be sufficient to coordinate international actions without an IO - However, in an increasingly complex and interconnect world there have been a substatinal growth in IO’s, non-governmental organisations (NGO’s) and private efforts - This raises the number of actors in global governance - It also places states in a potentially new role when interacting with each other and with non-state actors
10
Q
What are the global trends of IOs?
A
- Poorer regions around the world have more international organisations than richer regions - 2/3 of IO’s in 2004 had an economic mandate
11
Q
What were the first IOs?
A
- 1865: International Telegraph Union
- 1874: Universal Postal Union
- 1923: Interpol
- International labour organisations
- They needed regular permanent
bureaucrats - Non-state specialists were hired
