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AP Psych CIHS > Intelligence and Testing > Flashcards

Intelligence and Testing Flashcards

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1
Q

compared black and white children adopted into similar home environments
IQ’s averaged between the adopted and biological parents
Impact: POWER OF NURTURE

A

Scarr and Weinberg’s study on race and IQ

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2
Q

genetic basis for IQ
certain groups can never achieve certain levels of intelligence
Proof: failure of government programs to raise scores in underprivileged areas
Impact: POWER OF NATURE and Stimulates a new wave of studies on race and IQ

A

Arthur Jenson’s claims on race and IQ

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3
Q

Not purely genetic, but a combination of nature(biological parents, genetics ) and nurture(home environments)
Greater variation in IQ scores exists within each ethnic group than between them, finding only 1 standard deviation between the scores of white and black people

A

difference between IQ scores of African Americans and Caucasian Americans

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4
Q

98% of recall
total recall of 11,000 books
every zip-code in the US
studied by NASA

A

Kim Peek

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5
Q

individuals who have a remarkable talent even though they are mentally slow in other domains

A

savant syndrome

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6
Q

designed to assess a test taker’s knowledge in a certain academic area

A

achievement test

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7
Q

tests designed to evaluate a person’s ability to learn a skill or subject

A

aptitude test

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8
Q

the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems

A

artificial intelligence

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9
Q

each item is representative of the larger body of knowledge about the subject that the test covers

A

content validity

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10
Q

knowledge acquired(facts, memorized things, semantic)(remains stable or increases with age)

A

crystallized intelligence

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11
Q

a term used to determine whether or not two or more forms of tests that are designed to measure some aspect of mentality are truly equivalent to one another

A

equivalent form

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12
Q

a set of mental and physical disorders that can include mental retardation, brain dysfunction, physical abnormalities, learning disabilities, and psychological disorders as a result of exposure to alcohol before birth

A

fetal alcohol syndrome

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13
Q

reasoning and abstract memory, to do things(decreases with age)

A

fluid intelligence

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14
Q

the widespread improvement in intelligence test performance during the past century

A

Flynn effect

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15
Q

IQ of 135+

A

giftedness

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16
Q

a measure of how well differences in people’s genes account for differences in their traits

A

heritability

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17
Q

water in the brian

A

hydrocephaly

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18
Q

the ability to derive information, learn from experience, adapt to the environment, understand, and correctly utilize thought and reason

A

intelligence

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19
Q

a measure of a person’s reasoning ability or how well someone can use information and logic to answer questions or make predictions

A

intelligence quotient (IQ)

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20
Q

human beings have different ways in which they process data, each being independent( musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic)

A

multiple intelligence

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21
Q

a test accurately measures the performance of the participant against a specific learning goal

A

predictive validity

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22
Q

a measure of how dispersed the data is in relation to the mean

A

standard deviation

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23
Q

defining uniform testing procedures and scoring guidelines

A

standardization

24
Q

France commissioned them to study the learning potential of students to identify slow learners
mental age- a measure of intelligence performance( if a 10-year-old performs at an 8-year-old-level they need additional support at school

A

Alfred Binet

25
Q

eugenics- the study of hereditary improvement of the human race by controlled selective breeding
influenced heavily by Charles Darwin’s work: On the Origin of Species
believed that people’s intelligence is purely genetic

A

Francis Galton

26
Q

human beings have different ways in which they process data, each being independent( musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic)

A

Howard Gardner

27
Q

believed in a genetic basis for IQ
certain groups can never achieve the same level of intelligence
Proof: failure of government programs to raise scores in underprivileged areas(government programs usually fail)
Impact: Power of NATURE/ Stimulates new wave of studies on race and IQ

A

Arthur Jensen

28
Q

Triarchic Theory: Analytical Intelligence(academic problem solving and computation), Practical Intelligence(Street smarts and common sense), Creative Intelligence(Imaginative and innovative problem solving)

A

Robert Sternberg

29
Q

the main critic of spearman
broke intelligence into 7 clusters of primary mental abilities (word fluency, spatial ability, perceptual speed, memory, verbal comprehension, inductive reasoning, numerical ability)

A

L.L. Thurston

30
Q

Creator of the WISC-IV(verbal IQ and Performance IQ{6-16}) and the WAIS-IV( seperate scores for verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, processing speed, and overall intelligence {16-adulthood})

A

David Wechsler

31
Q

Will the test yield the SAME results overtime?

A

Reliability

32
Q

Does the test measure what it claims to measure?

A

Validity

33
Q

the learning potential of students to identify slow learners and whether or not they need additional support at school

A

Alfred Binet’s initial intelligence tests were designed to measure

34
Q

Calculation of an intelligence score

A

mental age/ chronological age X 100= IQ

35
Q

problem with Stanford-Binet’s intelligence quotient (IQ)

A

by the age of 16 and above, mental age scores usually level off

36
Q

the bell-shaped curve that describes a distribution
68% or more scores fall within 1 SD of the mean

A

normal curve

37
Q

mean and SD for most IQ tests

A

mean: 100
SD: 15

38
Q

2-adulthood/ 4 key areas (verbal reasoning, abstract reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and short-term memory)

A

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale Test

39
Q

6-16/ verbal IQ and performance IQ

A

WISC

40
Q

16- adulthood/ separate scores( verbal, comprehension, perceptual organization, working memory, processing speed, and an overall intelligence)

A

WAIS

41
Q

infants and toddlers/ DQ(developmental quotient) instead of IQ, useful in spotting developmental delays

A

Bayley Scales of Infant Development

42
Q

people’s intelligence is purely genetic

A

Francis Galton

43
Q

general intelligence that underlies all intellectual domains

A

Charles Spearman’s ‘g factor’

44
Q

opposed Spearman’s argument of general intelligence, claiming that there were several specific mental abilities that determined one’s intelligence

A

L.L. Thurstone’s argument against Spearman’s theory

45
Q

ability to analyze problems and find correct answers (most IQ tests)

A

Robert Sternberg Analytical Intelligence

46
Q

ability to people develop new ideas and create new concepts (Picasso’s cubism)

A

Robert Sternberg Creative Intelligence

47
Q

ability to cope w/ people and events in their environment (street smarts)

A

Robert Sternberg Practical Intelligence

48
Q

noticed a problem with the original formula
gifted students in California
developed the Standford-Binet intelligence quotient

A

results from Lewis Terman’s longitudinal study

49
Q

130-135+

A

IQ score accepted by American school districts for identifying gifted students

50
Q

enzyme deficiency and mutation on the 12th chromosome

A

Phenylketonuria

51
Q

more likely in males/ mutation in the FMR-1 gene

A

Fragile X syndrome

52
Q

extra 21st chromosome

A

Down syndrome

53
Q

Onset prior to 18
IQ below 70

A

intellectual disabilities

54
Q

changed “mental retardation” to “intellectual disability” in US federal law

A

Rosa’s Law

55
Q

children raised in a high-quality environment should score near the top of their POTENTIAL IQ range

A

Reaction Range Model

56
Q

a measure of how well differences in people’s genes account for differences in their traits

A

heritability

57
Q

human beings have different ways in which they process data, each being independent( musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic)

A

Howard Gardner’s ‘multiple intelligence’

AP Psych CIHS (11 decks)

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