Intelligence and Testing

Question 1

aptitude tests

Answer 1

psychologic tests used to assess talent for specific types of mental ability

Question 2

achievement tests

Answer 2

tests that gauge a person’s mastery and knowledge of various subjects

Question 3

what makes a quality test?

Answer 3

validity, reliability, practicality, objectivity and interpretability

Question 4

Test norms

Answer 4

provides info about where a person scores on a test compared to others who have taken the same test

Question 5

Uniform testing procedures

Answer 5

same rules for every single testing place and specific test

Question 6

reliability

Answer 6

ability of a test to produce consistent and stable scores

Question 7

test-retest reliability

Answer 7

a method of measuring reliability where the same individual is given the test on two different occasions and scores are compared. Similarity in scores indicates good test retest reliability

Question 8

split test reliability

Answer 8

measure of consistency where a test is split and the scores for each half is compared

Question 9

validity

Answer 9

ability of a test to measure what it claims to cover

Question 10

content validity

Answer 10

how much the content of a test relates to the previous testing info
ex: studying all night for a test on WWII and the test only has questions on the cold war

Question 11

Predictive validity

Answer 11

how well does the test predict future performance in a related matter

Question 12

What ideas did Alfred Binet introduce

Answer 12

Mental age (age at which someone preforms mentally) and chronological age (actual age)

Question 13

IQ formula

Answer 13

mental/chronological age x 100

Question 14

Weschler’s Innovations

Answer 14

focused on verbal abilities and on performance skills
Made the first standardized intelligence test

Question 15

Sternberg’s theory of intelligence (8)

Answer 15

Logical mathematical, linguistic, spatial, musical, bodily kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic

Question 16

Goleman’s ideas

Answer 16

emotional intelligence - being able to identify/manage your own emotions and identify/manage emotions in others and your relationships with others. Also dealing with reacting appropriately to their emotions.

Question 17

Twin Studies

Answer 17

studied twins and came to the conclusion that identical twins have stronger and more similar IQs than fraternal twins

Question 18

adoption studies

Answer 18

found that adopted children have similar IQs to their foster parents & children growing up in the same house

Question 19

Heritability

Answer 19

the % of which differences within a group regarding personality traits, idea that traits can be due to genetics

Question 20

environmental deprivation & enrichment studies

Answer 20

children who grew up in a worse environment/were deprived of education will have worse IQs than that of kids who grew up in a more ideal environment

Question 21

flynn effect

Answer 21

concept that generations keep getting smarter, IQs have risen throughout the years

Question 22

reaction range & environment

Answer 22

idea that there are genetically determined limits on IQs.
genetic makeup places an upper limit on a person’s IQ that can’t be exceeded even when the environment is ideal.

Question 23

Jensen’s controversial argument on race % intelligence

Answer 23

believed intelligence was 80% due to heredity
idea that racial groups had different IQs because of their race

Question 24

bad soil analogy

Answer 24

plants grown in bad soil are less likely to thrive than plants grown in good soil
same idea applies to people, if a person’s environment is worse they’ll perform worse than someone who had a more ideal environment

Question 25

socioeconomic disadvantage

Answer 25

minorities’ scores are worse because they have less opportunities for good education

Question 26

stereotype threat

Answer 26

Derogatory stereotypes have held back many from achieving higher IQs which can create a vulnerability in education and can undermine one’s ability to perform well on a test

Question 27

stereotype threat

Answer 27

Derogatory stereotypes have held back many from achieving higher IQs which can create a vulnerability in education and can undermine one’s ability to perform well on a test

Question 28

cultural bias

Answer 28

Test questions reflect culture of white middle class more than other cultures

Question 29

definition of intellectual disability

Answer 29

IQ < 70; lowest 3% of IQ scores
not a result of accident
onset before age 18
substantial limitations in functioning