Integumentary System

Question 1

what does the dermis of the skin consist of?

Answer 1

connective tissue

Question 2

what does the outer epidermis of the skin consist of?

Answer 2

keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue

Question 3

what does the hypodermis of the skin consist of?

Answer 3

a subcutaneous layer of loose connective tissue, which binds the skin to underlying structures and adipose tissue

Question 4

what are the layers of the skin?

Answer 4

dermis, epidermis and hypodermis

Question 5

what are the appendages of the skin?

Answer 5

hair, nails, sweat and sebaceous glands

Question 6

what are the layers of the epidermis?

Answer 6

1. stratum basale
2. stratum spinosum
3. stratum granulosum
4. stratum lucidum
5. stratum corneum

Question 7

what is emphysema?

Answer 7

occurs when elastin and collagen are destroyed, bronchioles collapse leads to hypoxemia

Question 8

what is the primary structure in the epidermis?

Answer 8

keratinocytes

Question 9

what cells are found in the epidermis?

Answer 9

keratinocytes, melanocytes, merkel cells and langerhans

Question 10

what is the function of the epidermis?

Answer 10

1. protection from UV light
2. maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance
3. sensory and immune function

Question 11

what is the thickest layer of the epidermis?

Answer 11

the stratum corneum which contains dead cells called corneocytes which contain keratin

Question 12

what does the stratum granulosum of the epidermis contain?

Answer 12

glycolipids for waterproofing

Question 13

where is prekeratin found in the epidermis?

Answer 13

stratum spinosum

Question 14

what layer of the epidermis is closest to the dermis?

Answer 14

stratum basale

Question 15

what are melanocytes and where are they found?

Answer 15

synthesize melanin’s, scavenge free radicals to protect against UV, found in stratum basale

Question 16

what is a merkel cell?

Answer 16

tactile epithelial cell with sensory receptors for touch, found in stratum basale

Question 17

what are langerhans cells?

Answer 17

epidermal dendritic cells that are a type of macrophage, found in stratum spinosum

Question 18

what are the two layers of the dermis?

Answer 18

papillary dermis and reticular dermis

Question 19

what are the 2 types of sweat glands?

Answer 19

eccrine (merocrine) and apocrine

Question 20

what type of sweat gland is associated with cooling skin?

Answer 20

eccrine (merocrine)

Question 21

where do apocrine sweat glands secrete?

Answer 21

found in axilla and anogenital area

secretes onto hair follicles not skin

Question 22

what activates sebaceous secretions?

Answer 22

androgens

Question 23

what is the innermost layer of the skin?

Answer 23

the hypodermis or subcutaneous layer

Question 24

what function does the hypodermis provide?

Answer 24

insulation and shock absorption

Question 25

what are grooves in the epidermis called?

Answer 25

dermatoglyphic

Question 26

do the merocrine sweat glands excrete directly onto the skin?

Answer 26

yes