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Mammalian Cells and Tissues > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

what are the types of fibers in connective tissue?

A

collagen fibres, reticular fibres and elastic fibres

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2
Q

what is the most dominant fiber type in connective tissue?

A

collagen fibers

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3
Q

what is the primary function of collagen fibers?

A

to provide strength and support

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4
Q

what are collagen fibers composed of?

A

regular arrangement of microfibrils made of tropocollagen (triple helix)

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5
Q

what are coarse collagen fibers formed by?

A

type I collagen

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6
Q

what are reticular fibers made of?

A

type III collagen

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7
Q

function of reticular fibres?

A

Reticular fibres are very delicate and form fine networks instead of thick bundles
Reticular fibres give support to individual cells

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8
Q

what are elastic fibers composed of?

A

elastic fibres consist of individual microfibrils, which are embedded in an amorphous matrix

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9
Q

where is ground substance found?

A

in all cavities and clefts between the fibres and cells of connective tissues

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10
Q

what is in ground substance?

A

its main structural constituent are proteoglycans however water, salts and other low molecular substances are also found

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11
Q

what causes ground substance to be viscous?

A

proteoglycans

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12
Q

what are proteoglycans?

A

proteins (~5%) and polysaccharide chains (~95%), which are covalently linked to each other

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13
Q

what is the dominant glycosaminoglycan in connective tissue?

A

hyaluronic acid

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14
Q

what cell type synthesizes the ground substance and fibers

A

fibrocytes

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15
Q

types of connective tissue cells?

A

fixed (fibrocytes and fats) and wandering (WBCs)

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16
Q

what happens to a fibrocyte when tissues are damaged?

A

fibrocyte is transformed into a fibroblast, which contains large amounts of the organelles which are necessary for the synthesis and excretion of proteins needed to repair the tissue damage

17
Q

what is the endocrine function of an adipocyte?

A

they secrete the protein leptin which provides brain centers which regulate appetite with feedback about the bodies fat reserves.

18
Q

what function do mast cells have?

A

they discharge histamine and heparin from vesicles if they come in contact with antigens which causes vasodilation

19
Q

what are plasma cells?

A

lymphocytes that produce antibody

20
Q

what is dense connective tissue?

A

completely dominated by fibres, can be regular (ligaments, tendons) or irregular (skin)

21
Q

what does reticular connective tissue form?

A

the structural framework in which the cells of the organ are suspended

22
Q

what type of tissue functions in lipid storage?

A

white adipose tissue

23
Q

when is brown adipose tissue formed?

A

in a newborn

24
Q

what tissue type forms the filling of the early embryo?

A

Mesenchymal connective tissue which has stem cell properties

Mammalian Cells and Tissues (16 decks)

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