Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology > integumentary system > Flashcards

integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q

integumentary system consists of

A

skin, nails, hair, mucous membranes, glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

functions of the integumentary system

A

protects body from pathogen invasions, regulates temperature, senses environmental changes, maintains water balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sebaceous glands

A

produce sebum to moisturize and protect skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A

eccrine and apocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

eccrine sweat glands

A

secrete through skin pores in response to sympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

apocrine sweat glands

A

open into hair follicles in the axillae, scalp, face, and external genitalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hemangioma

A

bright red patch of extra blood vessels on skin; referred to as strawberries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

macular stains

A

most common type of vascular birthmark; faint red marks; called “salmon patches” “ angel kisses” “stork bites”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

port-wine stains

A

discolorations that look like wine was spilled on the skin; most common on the face, neck, arms, legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pigmented birthmarks

A

cluster of pigment cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cafe au lait spots

A

very common and are the color of coffee with milk; one spot is not a concern but multiple can be neurofibromatosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dermal melanocytosis

A

mongolian spots; flat bluish-gray patches often found on lower back or buttocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

mole

A

also referred to as congenital nevi or hairy nevi; can be brown, tan, black, flat, raised, may grow hair; should be monitored for cancerous change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

albinisms

A

recessive condition in which little or no melanin is produces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

waardenburg syndrome

A

often lock of hair that grows on forehead is affected or there is no coloring in one or both irises

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vitiligo

A

rare condition in which small patchy areas of hypopigmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

as you age your skin

A

loses elasticity, decrease in sensory functions, becomes thinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

contact dermatitis

A

acute inflammatory reaction triggered by direct exposure to an irritant or allergen; 3 types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

irritant contact dermatitis

A

does not involve immune system but triggers inflammatory response; produce similar reaction to a burn; produces erythema/edema/pain/pruritus/vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

allergen contact dermatitis

A

sensitization occurs on first exposure and subsequent exposures produce type IV-mediated hypersensitivity; symptoms produced 24-48 hours after exposure and consist of pruritus/erythema/edema/small vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

eczema; chronic inflammatory condition; may be from immune system malfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

urticaria

A

raised erythematous skin lesions; result of type-1 hypersensitivity reaction triggered by food and medicine; occurs when histamine is released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic inflammatory condition that affects skin life cycle (kerinatocytes specifically); increase in cell proliferation causing build up on skin surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

types of bacterial skin infections

A

folliculitis, furuncles, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

common bacterial culprits in infections

A

staphylococcus and streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

types of viral skin infections

A

herpes simplex I, herpes zoster, verrucae, molluscum contagiosum

27
Q

types of parasitic skin infections

A

tinea, scabies, pediculosis

28
Q

first-degree burn

A

affects only the epidermis ad cause pain/erythema/edema

29
Q

second-degree burn

A

affects epidermis and dermis and causes pain/erythema/edemablistering

30
Q

third-degree burn

A

extend into deeper tissues and cause white or blackened charred skin that may be numb

31
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

abnormal growth of skin cells; most frequently occurring cancer in US; develops from cells in lowest layer of epidermis and rarely metastasizes

32
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

involves changes in squamous cells found in middle layer of epidermis

33
Q

melanoma

A

develops in melanocytes; least common type but the most serious; often metastasizes to other areas

34
Q

trichotillomania

A

mental health disorder characterized by person repeatedly pulling their hair out

35
Q

2 types of pain

A

somatic pain: stimuli to skin, joints, muscles, tendons and is easy to pinpoint location
visceral pain: stimuli to organs, usually vague and diffuse, may be sensed on surfaces distant from originating organ (referred pain)

36
Q

phantom pain

A

exists after removal of body part; severed neurons may result in spontaneous firing of spinal cord neurons

37
Q

intractable pain

A

chronically progressing pain that is unrelenting and severely debilitating; does not respond well to pharmacological treatment; common with severe injuries like crushing injuries

38
Q

neuropathic pain

A

results from damage to peripheral nerves by disease or injury; chronic and intractable

39
Q

congenital cataracts

A

clouding of the lens that is present at birth causing hazy vision

40
Q

presbycusis

A

age-related hearing loss

41
Q

conjuctivitis

A

infection or inflammation of the conjuctiva cause by viruses (most common), bacteria, allergens, chemicals, trauma; causes edema, pain, blurry vision, photophobia

42
Q

viral conjuctivitis produces

A

watery or mucus-like exudate

43
Q

bacterial conjuctivitis produces

A

yellow-green exudate

44
Q

keratitis

A

inflammation of the cornea triggered by viral infection or trauma

45
Q

acute otitis media

A

infectious and inflammatory sensory disorders in the ears result from variety of pathogens; infection or inflammation of the middle ear

46
Q

otitis externa

A

infection or inflammation of external ear canal or auricle usually bacterial but can be fungal

47
Q

eye trauma

A

varies in severity from mild to sight threatening; vision deficits often occur

48
Q

ear trauma

A

can result in permanent hearing deficits

49
Q

glaucoma

A

group of eye conditions that lead to damage of the optic nerve; caused by intraocular pressure and decreased blood flow to optic nerve

50
Q

open-angle glaucoma

A

most common type of glaucoma where intraocular pressure may increase gradually over extended period

51
Q

closed-angle glaucoma

A

closed-angle glaucoma is result of sudden blockage of aqueous humor outflow

52
Q

congenital glaucoma

A

present at birth due to abnormal development of outflow channels of the eye; X-linked and recessive

53
Q

secondary glaucoma

A

result of certain medications, eye diseases, systemic diseases, and trauma

54
Q

cataracts

A

opacity or clouding of lens

55
Q

macular degeneration

A

deterioration of the macular area of the retina

56
Q

dry macular degeneration

A

blood vessels under macula become thin and brittle; small yellow deposits form under macula

57
Q

wet macular degenration

A

brittle vessels break down and new fragile vessels grow under macula; vessels leak blood and fluid leading to macula damage

58
Q

otosclerosis

A

abnormal bone growth in middle ear which prevents ear structures from vibrating in response to sound waves; conductive hearing loss progressively worsens

59
Q

meniere’s disease

A

disorder of the ear resulting from endolymph swelling; swelling stretches membranes and interferes with hair receptors in cochlea and vestibule

60
Q

strabismus

A

gaze deviation of one eye; results in diplopia

61
Q

amblyopia

A

loss of one’s ability to see details; brain and eyes do not work together properly and brain favors one eye

62
Q

retinal detachment

A

acute condition where retina detaches from supporting structures; retina becomes ischemic and stops functioning

63
Q

tinnitus

A

abnormal noises heard in the ear i.e. buzzing, humming, whistling, ringing, roaring, blowing

64
Q

vertigo

A

illusion of motion but not the same as dizziness

Pathophysiology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions