Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Inheritance II > Flashcards

Inheritance II Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gene

A

= a small region of the DNA (a small part of a chromosome) that counts informations fro making a protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1 amino acid is made up of …

A

3 bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Protein

A

= chain of amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

DNA code?

A

= the rule (code) by which the information encoded in DNA sequence is translated into an amino acid sequence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Humans have … chromosomes

A

22 pairs of somatic chromosomes

1 pair of sex chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Each pair of somatic chromosomes consists of …

A

One chromosome from the father and one from the mother,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The chromosomes in each pair are called …

A

Homologous chromosomes, because they contain the same genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Result of mitosis:

A

Production of 2 geneticalley identical cells (=clones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When is mitosis important?

A
  • to grow more cells (during growth)

- to replace cells (repair)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Genetic variation

A

= genes inherited from parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Environmental variation

A

= differences caused by the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Each homologous chromosome has the …

A

Same type of gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

But chromosomes form father and mother may …

A

Have different version of genes (=alleles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Some alleles are…

A

Dominant over other alleles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Allele

A

= A version of a gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dominant Gene

A

= Only one copy is necessary for characteristics to be shown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Recessive allele

A

= 2 recessive alleles are needed (no dominant allele are present) for characteristics to be shown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Genotype

A

= the genetic make-up, i.e. which alleles are present

20
Q

Homozygous

A

= have 2 identical alleles

21
Q

Heterozygous

A

= have 2 different alleles

22
Q

Phenotype

A

= both alleles contribute to the phenotype, so that both characteristics are present at the same time

23
Q

Co-dominance

A

= both alleles contribute to the phenotype so that both characteristics aren’t present

24
Q

Punnett squares

A

= a diagram showing genetic cross

25
Q

Meiosis

A

= special type of cell division by which gametes (sex cells) are made

26
Q

Diploid

A

= 2 sets of chromosomes

27
Q

Haploid

A

= 1 set of chromosomes

28
Q

Result of meiosis:

A
  • four genetically different haploid cells (with only 23 chromosomes)
  • meiosis leads to great variation with gametes
29
Q

What is the purpose of mitosis ?

A

To make more cells for growth and repair

30
Q

What is the purpose of meiosis?

A

To make gametes

31
Q

Where dies mitosis take place?

A

In the whole body

32
Q

Where does meiosis take place?

A

Ovaries in woman and testis in man

33
Q

How many rounds of cell division are there in mitosis?

A

1

34
Q

How many rounds of cell division are there in meiosis?

A

2

35
Q

How many cells are produced in mitosis?

A

2

36
Q

How many cells are produced in meiosis?

A

4

37
Q

What happened to the chromosome number in mitosis?

A

It remains the same

38
Q

What happens to the chromosome number in meiosis?

A

It halves

39
Q

Are the parent and daughter cells genetically identical in mitosis?

A

Yes

40
Q

Are the parent and daughter cells identical in meiosis?

A

No

41
Q

Are all daughter cells identical in mitosis?

A

Yes

42
Q

Are all daughter cells in meiosis identical?

A

No

43
Q

Pedigree Tree

A

= A family tree that records and traces the occurrences if a characteristic in a family

45
Q

Variation

A

= small difference between, members of the same species

Biology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions