Infusion Therapy Flashcards
Isotonic
fluid outside and inside the cell are equal
HYPERtonic
What can happen to the cell?
Fluid outside the cell is GREATER than inside
Cell will shrink
“Enter the vessel from the cell”
HYPOtonic
what can happen?
Fluid outside the cell in LESS than inside
cell will swell
“Go Out of the vessel and into the cell”
What are 3 isotonic fluids?
0.9 NS
LR
D5W
Phlebitis
inflammation of the vein
Infiltration
IV solution leaks into surrounding tissues
Extravasation
tissue damage due to leaking of IV VESICANTS
What are Vesicants? What are some examples?
Chemicals that damage body tissues on direct contact
Ex: Vanco, Chemo, amiodarone
Vascular Access Device (VAD)
Encompasses ANY plastic tube (catheter) in vein to deliver fluids and or meds
What are midline catheters?
double or single lumen inserted in vein of antecubital fossa
What are the indications of a midline iv?
poor skin integrity
limited peripheral veins
infusion therapy that lasts longer than 6-14 days
Midline catheters should not be used for infusion of [blank] drugs.
Vesicants
What NOT to do with midline catheters
draw blood
parenteral feedings greater than 600 osmolarity
administer incompatible drugs
What is a Central IV?
Any VAD placed in superior vena cava
What is a PICC?
Peripherally inserted central catheter
inserted thru antecubital fossa to superior vena cava
What is a PICC used for?
No limitations
TPN, chemo, vasopressors, and antibiotics
Patient education for a PICC
Perform normal ADL’s
no excessive activity
no heavy lifting
CRBSI prevention bundle
proper aseptic hand hygiene
measuring arm circumference
barrier precautions on insertion
chlorhexidine skin antisepsis
avoid femoral vein
daily review of necessity of line
CLABSI
Central line-associated bloodstream infection
CRBSI
Catheter-related bloodstream infection
Nontunneled central venous catheters and usage
inserted thru subclavian vein or jugular vein
with catheter exiting the skin
used for trauma, emergency, critical care or surgery
Tunneled CVC
catheter that is placed thru a “skin tunnel” into the vein (SVC)
Implanted ports care
flush after each use once a month
use a 10 ml syringe with heparin or NS
What do you do before using implanted port?
check for blood return
