G.I. Assessment Flashcards
What are some G.I. changes related to aging?
Gastric mucosa atrophy
Decreased peristalsis
Dulled nerve impulses
Distention and dilation of pancreatic ducts
decrease in hepatic cells
disruption of microbial balance
What does PQRST stand for?
Provocation /palliation
Quality/quantity
Region/radiation
Severity scale
Timing
What organs are located in RUQ?
Most of liver
gallbladder
duodenum
head of pancreas
hepatic flexure of colon
part of ascending and transverse colon
What organs are located in LUQ?
Left lobe of liver
stomach
spleen
body and tail of pancreas
splenic flexure of colon
part of transverse and descending colon
What organs are in the RLQ?
Cecum
appendix
right ureter
right ovary and fallopian tube
Right spermatic cord
What organs are in LLQ?
Part of descending colon
Sigmoid colon
left ureter
Left ovary and fallopian tube
left spermatic cord
What is the order of a abdominal assessment?
Inspect
Auscultate
Palpate
Dyspepsia
heartburn
Jaundice
yellow skin due to bilirubin pigments
Borborygmus and when do you usually hear them?
increased high pitched bowl sounds
diarrhea and gastroenteritis
What does elevation of amylase or lipase may indicate?
acute pancreatitis
What is the normal range for ALT?
4-36
Albumin range
3.5-5.0
AST range
0.35
Bilirubin range
0.3-1.0
Amylase range
30-220
Lipase range
0-160
Patient education for a EGD?
NPO 6-8 hours prior
avoid anticoagulants
Atropine may be given to dry secretions
local anesthetic is sprayed to inactivate gag reflex
Nursing interventions after an EGD
Vital signs q 15-30 min
keep bed rails raised
NPO until gag reflex in returned
Monitor signs of perforation
Signs of perforation
bleeding
pain
fever
What is an Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?
a visual and examination of liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas
What is the purpose of an ERCP?
can remove gallstones
