Blood Transfusions Flashcards
Anticoagulants
interfere with blood clotting and growth of new clots
Fibrinolytics
selectively degrade threads in an existing blood clot
Platelet inhibitor
prevents platelets from clumping together
The higher the INR…
the thinner blood is
Range for INR
0.7-1.8
Warfarin therapy INR range
2.0-3.0
Autologous
Self donated blood
Allogenic
blood from the same species
Donor directed
blood donation from a specific person
Function of albumin
regulate osmotic fluid
Febrile blood transfusion reaction s/s
chills
fever
headache
tachycardia
anxiety
flushing
Hemolytic blood transfusion reaction s/s
low back pain
hypotension
tachycardia
chest pain
tachypnea
hypotension
Allergic blood transfusion reaction s/s
Mild: hives, pruritus, facial flushing
Severe: SOB, bronchospasms
Nursing interventions if a pt has a blood transfusion reaction
STOP THE TRANSFUSION
change IV tubing
treat symptoms
recheck crossmatch record with unit
Nursing interventions for hemolytic reaction
Besides stopping the infusion
obtain 2 blood samples distal to infusion site
obtain UA for hemoglobinuria
monitor fluid/electrolytes
evaluate calcium levels
what is a hemolytic reaction?
blood cells rupture or lysis; caused by blood type or rh incompatibility
Platelet infusion: things to remember
infuse 15-30 min
Y tubing is required
ABO compatible only
1 unit raise platelets 5 to 10,00
Fresh Frozen Plasma Cryoprecipitate: things to remember
Used for clotting disorders
ABO compatible only
Frozen for up to a year
infuse over 30-60 min
Y tubing!
What to do after discontinuing an infusion? In order
Take VS and complete transfusion sheet
discard bag and tubing in biohazard
get a new infusion set if a second unit is ordered
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