information systems study 7 Flashcards
What are the six major components in a simple network?
- client and server computers
- networking operating systems (NOS)
- connection meduim
- hubs and swithces
- routers
- network interface (NICs)
define a Software defined networking (SDN)
functions of switches and routers manged by a centeral program
Summary of networks in large companies
- Local area networks (LANs) are linked to firmwide corporat networks
- various powerful servers (Webistes, corporate, intranet, extranet)
- mobile wireless LANs (wifi networks)
- video confrencing systems
- telephone networks, wireless cell phones
define broadband
- a high-speed transsmison technology
- transmits channels of data
- fiberoptics, wireless, cable
what are the three digital netowrking technologys
- client/server computing
- packet switching
- TCP/IP and connectivity
client/server computing
- distrubuted computing model
- clients linked through network **controled by network server computer **
- sets rules of communication for network, every client has an adress to find on network
- the interent is largest example
packet switching
method of slicing digital messages into parcels (packets)
- sending them along different channels of communcation
- more effciant use of networks communcation capacities
TCP/IP and connectivity
Transmission control/protocl/ internet
- common worldwide standard for the basis of the internet
- protocals: rules that govern transmission information between two points
- department of defence reference
what are the four layers for TCP/IP
- application layer
- transportation layer
- internet layer
- network interface layer
what is a modem
translates digital signals into analog from so t=computers can transmit data over analog networks such as telephone
modem type / network meduim
cable modem - cable
DSL model - telephone landline
wireless model - wireless network
network types
distance + area
Local area networks
campus area networks
wide media
metropolitan area networks
wide area net works
network types
local area networks (LANs)
ethernet / client server vs peer to peer
distance: 500 m
area: small office building
network types
campus area networks (CANs)
distance: 1000m
area: campus
network types
metopolitan area networks (MANs)
distance: a city
area: city
network types
wide area networks (WANs)
the internet
distance: regional, transcontenital, global
area: global
What are the four transmission mediums
- twisted pair wire
- coaxial cable
- fiber optic cable
- wireless transmission media
twisted pair wire
strands of copper wire twisted in pairs for voice and data communciatons
speed: CAT5 10mbps -100mbps
CAT6 up to 10 gbps
coaxial cable
thickly insulated copperwire which is capable of high speed data transmission and less sucjet to interfernece than twist wire
- used for cable tv and for netwoeks w longer runs
speed: up to 1gbps
fiber optic cable
strands of clear glass filter transmitting data as pulses of lights
- good for high speed transmission of large data
- more expensive
- used for last mintue delivery
speed: 15mbps to 6+ tbps
wireless transmission media
based on radio signals of various frequencies
- inclues terrestial and satellite microwave syetms
- used for long distance wireless communcations and internet access
speed: up to 600+ mbps
define bandwidth
information is sent in waves
- the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accomated on a single channel
hertz
- a unit that measures the number of wave cycles ( or frequency) passing through a given point in a second
1 hertz = 1 cycle/sec
transmission capacity
the number of cycle that can be sent per unit of time
bits per second
- total amount of digital infromation that can be trasnmitted through any telecommuncations medium per unit of time
what are the 5 internet connections
- dial up
- digital subscriber line (DSL/FIOS)
- cabale internet connections
- sateliette
- T1/T3 lines
dial up
speed - 5.6 kbps
meduim - telephones lines
digital subscriber line (DSL/FIOS)
speed: 385 KBPS- 100+ MBPS
medium- telephones
Cable internet connections
speed: 20-250 mbps
medium: radio waves
satelliete
20-250 mbps
medium- radio waves
T1/T3 LINES
1.54 mbps/ 45mbps
medium: digital cable coaxil
internet adresssing and archetecture
- internet is based on TCP/IP networking protcal
ip adress: - the adress of each of device
- 32- bit number
the domain name system (DNS)
- converts IP adress to domain names
truck lines
- high speed back bone networks, transcontential
- owned by telephone companies or goverments
- network service providers
local connection lines
- regional telephones and cable TV companies
- lease acess to IPS private companies and goverment insituations
what are the six major internet services
- chatting and instant messaging
- newsgroups
- telnet
- file transfer protcol (FTP)
- world wide web
first 3 internet services
- email
- person to person messaging document sharing - chatting and instant messaging
- interactive conversations - newsgroups
- disccusion groups on electronic bulletin boards
last 3 internet services
- Telnet
- logging on to one computer system and doing work on another - file transfer protcol (FTP)
- transferrign files from computer to computer - world wide web
- reterving formattings and displaying information
internet services and communcation tools
voice over IP (VoIP)
- digital voice communcation using IP packet switching
unifed communcations
- communcations systems that intergrate voice, data, email, conferencing
virtual private netwok (VPN)
- secure, encrypted, private network run over internet
the web
- most propular internet service
- system with unverisally accepted standards for storing, reteriving, formatting and displaying information by using a client/ server archetecture
web servers
software for locating and manging web pages
hypertext
embeddedlinks that connect documents and objects ( sounds, video, images)
website
a collection of web pages linked to a homepage
hyper text markup langauge (HTML)
formats and other objects stored in the same or remote computers
hyper text transfer protcol (HTTP)
communcations standard that transfer pages on the web allows your browser to pull pages from the internt
unfirm resoruce locator (URL)
tells the browser software exactly where to look for infromation
searching for infomation on the web
search enginess, mobile search, semantic search and predective search, visual search, search engine optimization (SEO)
blogs and microblogs
personal webiste that typically contains a series of chronlogical entries (newest to oldest) by its author
- microblogging is short sentences
RSS/ wikis
- really simple syndcation of riche site summary pulls specified content from websites
celluar systems
competing digital celluar service standards
- code divison multiple acess (CMDA) US only
3g,4g,5g
- increase high speeds
bluetooth
- links up to 8 devices in 10-m area low power, radio based communcation
- useful for personal networking (PANs)
WIFI
used for wireless LAN and wireless internet acces
- use acces points device with radio/recveier transmitter fir coneecting wireless devices to a wire LAN
hot spots
- One or more access points in public place to provide maxium wireless coverage for a specfic area
- weak security features
WiMax
- worldwide interoperability for microwave access
- wireless access range of 31 miles
RFID
radio frequency identifaction
- uses short range wireless connectivity standard
- used by tap-and-go services like apple pay
wireless sensors netowrks (WSN)
- netowrks of hundereds or thousands of interconnected wireless evices
- used to montioe building security and look for hazards in enviromental changes
