business test #2

Question 1

What is the culture

Answer 1

Culture- ecompasses the knowledge experience beliefs values attitudes religion arts and symbols

Question 2

What is the subculture

Answer 2

subculture - a cultural group within a larger or predominat culture distinguished from it by factors such as class ethnic background reliion or lifestyle

Question 3

What is the counter culture

Answer 3

Countreculture- a culture that has values or lifestles that oppose mainstream values and attitudes usually to influence change

Question 4

Define cultural determinants,

Answer 4

Cultural determinants - the main factors that shape the culture of a specific group

Question 5

Define cultural intelligence

Question 6

Define cultural norms

Question 7

What factors influence conducting business internationally

Answer 7

• Number of foreign operations
  Companies conducting business in several foreign markets must be aware that each country has a distinct culture
• Degree of cultural differences
  If the culture of the foreign market is similar to canadian culture companies do not need to spend much time examining cultural differences
• Control of foreign operations
  Companies that have branch plants or distribution outlets in other countries that are managed by local people do not need yo have as much knowledge about cultural differences
• Extent of foreign operations
  Level of cultural awareness depends on how much busqiness and the type of business a company does in a foreign country

Question 8

How does culture impact the products and services a business will offer

Answer 8

• Factors such as climate religious beliefs

Question 9

What negative impacts have been felt by indigenous populations

Answer 9

Discrimantion
Postives

• Increased employment, acces to medical aid, schools, infstructure (water), roads

Negatives
- Occuption and destruction of lands, disrespect of cultural differences, exterminating, indigenous populations

Question 10

What is the difference between monochronic and polychronic cultures

Answer 10

Monochronic

• Time is linear and sequential and focus is places on one thing at a time in a logic progression

Polochronic

• Many things happening simituasionaly witht the participation of manh people time is flexible and schedules are not primary importance

Question 11

What is spatial perception

Answer 11

• Individual comfort levels with personal space and physical contact

Question 12

What are hofstedes six cultural determinants

Answer 12

1. PDI- power distance
   2.UAI- uncertainty avoidance
2. MAS- masculinity vs femininity
3. IDV- individualism vs collectivism
4. LTO - orientation
5. Indulgence vs restraint

Question 13

define pdi

Answer 13

• How the difference in power between people is perceived
• In cultures where people are considered superior becaus eof soicsl power (wwealth,family status, rac, gender) their is genrally a high power distance
• Mexico
• In cultures where their is equailty among people their is a lower power distance
  Canada

Question 14

define uai

Answer 14

• How various cultures adapt to change
• Countries that prefer formal rules or rituals have a high certainty avoidance (saudi arabia)
• Countries where risk taking is valued have a low certainty avoidance (canada)

Question 15

MAS

Answer 15

masculinity - the degree to which a clture values assertiveness competitiveness ambition and material goods (japan)

Femininity- the degree to which a culture values family and social support (portugal)

Question 16

IDV

Answer 16

Degree to which people are expected to make their own decisions

• Collectivist cultures value the greater good and may of its member have their future determined by family, government (cubs)
• Indivdualisic cultures encourage each citizen to make their own choices (canada)

Question 17

LTO

Answer 17

• Long term orientation cultures value thrift and perservanece to achieve long term goals
• Short term orientation cultures live in the now and hold strict deadlines

Question 18

INDULGUENCE VS RESTRAINT

Answer 18

• Culture who score high in indulgence generally value leisure time and spend money as they wish
• Cultures who score low indicate sthat they exercise restraint and more control of needs with less leisure time

Question 19

Compare and contrast market economy, centrally planned economy and mixed economy

Question 20

Define democracy

Answer 20

Democracy: Government is elected by the people, Values include free and fair elections, the rule of law, free speech, the right to assembly, a free press and freedom of religion and Citizens have the right to govern themselves and are entitled to education

Question 21

Define autocracy

Answer 21

Autocracy: State governed by a small group of people with unlimited power,

Question 22

Define totalitarianism

Answer 22

Totalitarianism: often linked to autocracy, this exists when a government is led by one person, a dictator, controlling all aspects of the state.

Question 23

what are the 4 stages of the business cycle

Answer 23

1. recession
2. trough
3. expansion
4. peak

Question 24

define recession

Answer 24

when the economy slows down
- occurs when there’s 2 quarters of a negative GDP