Info Systems Quiz 4

Question 1

Electronic commerce

Answer 1

process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services, or information through computer networks, including the internet

Question 2

Electronic business

Answer 2

somewhat broader concept -> refers to servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, and performing electronic transactions within an organization

Question 3

Brick-and-mortar organizations

Answer 3

physical locations

Question 4

Virtual organizations

Answer 4

companies only engaged in ec

Question 5

clicks-and-mortar organizations

Answer 5

conduct some e-commerce activities, yet primary business is carried out in the physical world

Question 6

B2C

Answer 6

Business-to-consumer electronic commerce: sellers are organizations, buyer are individuals

Question 7

B2B

Answer 7

Business-to-business electronic commerce: both the sellers and the buyers are business organizations

Question 8

C2C

Answer 8

consumer-to-consumer electronic commerce: individual sells products or services to other individuals

Question 9

B2E

Answer 9

Business-to-employee: organization uses EC internally to provide information and services to its employees

Question 10

E-government (G2C)

Answer 10

use of internet technology in general and e-commerce in particular to deliver information and public services to citizens

Question 11

Auction

Answer 11

competitive buying and selling process in which prices are determined dynamically by competitive bidding

two types: forward and reverse

Question 12

Forward auction

Answer 12

sellers solicit bids from many potential buyers

Question 13

Reverse auctions

Answer 13

one buyer, usually an organizations, wants to purchase a product or a service

Question 14

Electronic marketplace

Answer 14

central, virtual market space on the Web where many buyers and many sellers can conduct e-commerce and e-business activities

Question 15

Electronic cards process

Answer 15

1. Credit card info and purchase amount encrypted in browser
2. info not opened, sent to clearinghouse where it is decrypted
3. clearinghouse asks bank to verify info
4. bank verifys info and reports it to clearinghouse
5. clearinghouse reports result of verification to the seller
6. seller reports a successful purchase and amount to you
7. bank send funds in the amount of purchase to the seller
8. bank notifies buyer on debit of credit card
9. seller’s bank notifies seller of the funds creditied to its account

Question 16

Purchasing card

Answer 16

equivalent of electronic credit cards ex. World

Question 17

Electronic retailing

Answer 17

direct sale of products and services through electronic storefronts or electronic malls, usually designed around an electronic catalog format and auctions

Question 18

Electronic storefront

Answer 18

is a website that represents a single store

Question 19

Electronic mall

Answer 19

cybermall or e-mall, is a collection of individual shops grouped under a single Internet address

Question 20

Disintermediation

Answer 20

whereby intermediaries are eliminated

intermediaries function: provide information and perform value-added services such as consulting

Question 21

Sell-side marketplace

Answer 21

organizations sell their products or services to other organizations electronically from their own private e-marketplace website or from a third-party website

Question 22

Procurement

Answer 22

overarching function that describes the activities and processes to acquire goods and services

Question 23

Buy-side marketplace

Answer 23

organizations attempt to procure needed products or services from other organizations electronically

Question 24

E-procurement

Answer 24

uses reverse auctions, particularly group purchasing

Question 25

Group purchasing

Answer 25

multiple buyers combine their orders so that they constitute a large volume and therefore attract m ore seller attention

Question 26

Public exchanges

Answer 26

or exchanges, independently owned by a third party, and they connect many sellers with many buyers

three types: vertical, horizontal, and functional

Question 27

Vertical exchanges

Answer 27

connect buyers and sellers in a given industry

Question 28

Horizontal exchanges

Answer 28

connect buyers and sellers across many industries

Question 29

Functional exchanges

Answer 29

needed services such as temporary or help or extra office space are traded on an “as-needed” basis

Question 30

On-premise computing

Answer 30

own IT infrastructure (their software, hardware, networks, and data management) and maintain it in their data centers

Question 31

Characteristics of cloud computing

Answer 31

grid computing vs. utility computing

Question 32

Grid computing

Answer 32

utilize resources morre efficiently, provides fault tolerance and redundancy, easy to scale up and down

Question 33

Utility computing

Answer 33

utilizes broad network access, pools computing resources, virtualized servers

Question 34

Characteristics of utility computing

Answer 34

uses broad network access, pools computing resources, often occurs on virtualized servers

Question 35

Server farms

Answer 35

cloud computing providers have placed hundreds or thousands of networked servers inside massive data centers

Question 36

Server virtualization

Answer 36

uses software-based partitions to create multiple virtual servers called virtual machines on a single physical server

Question 37

Three types of cloud computing

Answer 37

public clouds, private clouds, and hybrid clouds

Question 38

Public clouds

Answer 38

shared, easily accessible, multi-customer IT infrastructure that are available non exclusively to any entity in the general public

Question 39

Private clouds

Answer 39

IT infrastructures that can be accessed only by a single entity or by an exclusive group of related entities that share the same purpose and requirement, such as all the business units within a single organization

Question 40

Hybrid clouds

Answer 40

composed of public and private clouds that remain unique entities, but are nevertheless tightly integrated

Question 41

Vertical clouds

Answer 41

possible to build cloud infrastructure and applications for different businesses, construction, finance, or insurance businesses

Question 42

Infrastructure-as-a-service (Iaas)

Answer 42

offer remotely accessible servers, networks, and storage capacity. supply these resources on demand from their large resource pools, which are located in data centers

Question 43

Platform-as-a-service (PaaS)

Answer 43

customers rent servers, operating systems, storage, a database etc. and network capacity over the internet

Question 44

Software-as-a-service (SaaS)

Answer 44

Most widely used service model, and it provides a broad range of software applications. providers typically charge their customers a monthly or yearly subscription fee

Question 45

Benefits of cloud computing

Answer 45

positive impact on employees: gives access to info no matter location

can save money

improve organizational flexibility and competitiveness

Question 46

Concerns with cloud computing

Answer 46

legacy IT systems, reliability, privacy, security, regulatory and legal environment, criminal use

Question 47

Evolution of modern infrastructure

Answer 47

1. stand-alone mainframes
2. mainframe and dumb terminals
3. stand-alone personal computers
4. local area networks
5. enterprise computing
6. cloud computing and mobile computing