influenta sociala II

Question 1

What is minority influence?

Answer 1

A form of social influence in which a majority conforms to the views of a minority

Question 2

What are the 2 types of consistency?

Answer 2

Diachronic - intraindividual consistency over time
Synchronic - interindividual consistency over time

Question 3

What did Moscovici do?

Answer 3

Judge the colour of all blue slides

Inconsistent condition: 4 participants, 2 confederates described the slides green (2/3) and blue (1/3 times)

Consistent condition: 4 participants, 2 confederates always saying green

Question 4

What did Moscovici find?

Answer 4

Consistent minority - 10% green

Consistent individual - 1% green

Inconsistent minority - 1% green

So consistency increases minority influence

Question 5

How can we reduce conflict that arises when majority and minority disagree?

Answer 5

Conformity - whereby the majority persuade the minority

Normalisation - which is associated with mutual compromise and the merging of opinions

Innovation - whereby the minority creates conflict to persuade the majority - minority influence

Question 6

What is the genetic model?

Answer 6

Active minorities go out of their way to create and heighten conflict.
Minorities are often dismissed or discredited.

Question 7

What is consistency>

Answer 7

Most important behavioural style
Draws attention to the minority

Investment - personal and material sacrifice
Autonomy - driven by principle rather than personal gain

Question 8

Flexibility

Answer 8

Minority must be consistent while adopting a relatively open-minded and reasonable approach
You can’t be too rigid.

Question 9

What is the conversion theory?

Answer 9

Dominant explanation of social influence.
Majorities and minorities exert influence differently.

Question 10

Conversion theory: majority infleunce

Answer 10

Majority influence on minority
conflict
comparison process
passive acceptance
public compliance: little attitude change

Question 11

Conversion theory: minority influence

Answer 11

Minority influence on majority
Conflict arising from deviant ideas
Validation process
No overt agreement
Conversion effect: private attitude change

Question 12

What are the mechanisms of conversion theory?

Answer 12

Direction of attention
Majority influence has an interpersonal focus
Minority influence has a message focus

Content of thinking
Majority influence involves superficial examination of message
Minority influence involves detailed evaluation of message

Differential influence
Majority produces public/direct influence
Minority produces private/indirect influence

Question 13

What is evidence for differential influence hypothesis?

Answer 13

They wanted public and private reactions to majority and minority influence regarding gay rights

Public attitudes reflected the pro- or anti-gay attitudes of the majority
Private attitudes reflected the pro- or anti-gay attitudes of the minority

Question 14

What is the convergent aspect of the convergent-divergent theory?

Answer 14

• People expect to share attitudes with the majority
• Surprising and stressful if differ from the majority
• Self-protecting narrow focus of attention results
• Associated with convergent thinking that inhibits consideration of alternative views

Question 15

What is the divergent aspect of the convergent-divergent theory?

Answer 15

• People do not expect to share attitudes with a minority
• Surprising but not stressful if differ from a minority
• No self-protecting narrow focus of attention results
• Associated with divergent thinking that encourages consideration of alternative views