Inflammation 2

Question 1

Name the vasoactive amines

Answer 1

Histamine and Serotonin

Question 2

Name the acute phase proteins

Answer 2

C-reactive protein, CRP, fibrinogen, amyloid

Question 3

Name the plasma-derived proteases

Answer 3

Coagulation cascade, Fibrinolysis system, Complement cascade and Kinin system

Question 4

What is the main function of Thromboxane A2?

Answer 4

Vasoconstriction

Question 5

What is the main function of prostaglandins?

Answer 5

Vasodilation

Question 6

What is the main function of leukotriens?

Answer 6

Vascular permeability

Question 7

Name the cytokines involved in acute information and their functions.

Answer 7

TNF: Stimulates endothelial adhesion molecule expression
IL-1: Causes fever, similar to TNF
IL-6: Systemic effects

Question 8

Name the cytokines involved in chronic inflammation and their functions.

Answer 8

IL-12: Increased production of IFN-y
IFN-y: Activation of macrophages
IL-17: Recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes

Question 9

Which cytokines are pro-inflammatory and which are anti-inflammatory?

Answer 9

Pro: IL-1 6, and TNF
Anti: IL-10, 12

Question 10

What are chemokines?

Answer 10

Chemoattractants for subsets of leukocytes

Question 11

Discuss the cytokine storm

Answer 11

When an inflammatory repsonse becomes so great that it spills over into the systemic circulation causing sepsis and hypotension

Question 12

Name some local and systemic effects of IL-1 and TNF.

Answer 12

Local: cytokine activation, fibroblast proliferation
Systemic: Fever, leukocytosis, fatigue

Question 13

Discuss the Kinin cascade

Answer 13

Vasoactive peptides cleaved from kininogens by kallikreins; Cause vascular permeability and dilation.