Cell Injury Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 patterns of necrosis?

A
  1. Coagulative
  2. Liquefactive
  3. Caseous
  4. Enzymatic Fat
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2
Q

Discuss Coagulative necrosis.

A

Seen initially with ischemia or hypoxia. The area of necrosis is paler and softer than normal.

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3
Q

Discuss Liquefactive necrosis.

A

Loss of cellular and tissue architecture with infiltration of inflammatory cells. Usually seen with bacterial infections; Fluid, opaque and creamy

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4
Q

Discuss Caseous necrosis

A

Cheese-like consistency. Loss of cellular and tissue architecture with a rim of inflammatory cells (macrophages); Seen in chronic microbial infections

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5
Q

Discuss Enzymatic Fat necrosis

A

Areas of necrosis are chalky, white and firm. Triglycerides in adipocytes are broken down and combine with calcium to form soaps.

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6
Q

Discuss Fibrinoid necrosis

A

Usually associated with immune complexes in the walls of blood vessels.

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7
Q

Describe gangrene

A

The end result of a limb that has lost its blood supply.

  1. Wet: Compounded by bacterial infections.
  2. Dry: No infection
  3. Gas: Clostridial infection.
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8
Q

Define Steatosis

A

Abnormal accumulation of triglycerides in injured parenchymal cells; Seen in hepatocytes.

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9
Q

Discuss the pathology of an alcoholic liver.

A
  1. Increased mobilization of FAs from adipose tissue.
  2. Metabolism of ethanol leads to excess NADH; Stimulates triglyceride synthesis.
  3. Decrease in FA oxidation in mitochondria
  4. Impaired transport of lipoproteins from the liver.
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10
Q

Describe a fatty liver

A

Enlarged, rounded lobe edges, pale, greasy and soft.

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11
Q

Histologically describe a fatty liver.

A

Vacoules displace nucleus, round, clear

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12
Q

What are the causes of protein accumulation in the liver?

A
  1. Viral infection
  2. Defective protein folding
  3. Excessive synthesis of secretory proteins
  4. Resorption by renal epithelium
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13
Q

What is the significance of a ‘hyaline change’?

A

It implies protein accumulation.

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