Infertility and Contraception Flashcards
In women who ultimately conceived, pregnancy occurred in
~ 50% within___ months
75-82% within___ months
85-92% within___ months
3
6
12
The World Health Organization (WHO) considers infertility as a disability (an impairment of function) and thus access to health care falls under the___________
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability
_________women, predominantly from developing countries, have infertility resulting from maternal sepsis and unsafe abortion.
Thirty-four million
CAUSES OF INFERTILITY
Infertility can be attributed primarily to male factors in_____% of couples and female factors in____% of couples and is unexplained in about___% of couples
25
58
17
Initial evaluation
investigations include a _______in the male, confirmation of_____ in the female, and, in the majority of situations, documentation of______ in the female.
semen analysis
ovulation
tubal patency
FEMALE CAUSES of infertility
Ovulatory Dysfunction
Tubal Disease
Endometriosis
MALE CAUSES of infertility
primary testicular disease
genetic disorders (particularly Y chromosome microdeletions)
disorders of sperm transport
hypothalamic-pituitary disease resulting in secondary hypogonadism
FEMALE CAUSES
Abnormalities in menstrual function constitute the most common cause of female infertility.
These disorders, which include ovulatory dysfunction and abnormalities of the uterus or outflow tract, may present as______ or as irregular or short menstrual cycles.
amenorrhea
In women with a history of regular menstrual cycles, evidence of ovulation should be sought. Even in the presence of ovulatory cycles, evaluation of_____ is recommended for women age____ years if they are interested in fertility.
Ovulatory Dysfunction
ovarian reserve
> 35