Inferential Statistics Flashcards
What is the objective of a statistical test?
To get a p value.
What is a p value?
The likelihood that the null hypothesis is true (the likelihood that the differences are not significant).
What is the p<0.05 value used for?
the critical value for most research. means there is a 5% likelihood that results are due to chance.
What does the p<0.01 value mean?
There is a 1% likelihood that results are due to chance?
What is a type 1 error?
rejecting the null hypothesis when it should be accepted.
What is a type 2 error?
accepting the null hypothesis when it should be rejected.
When should a binomial sign test be used?
- when exploring the difference between each condition/level of the IV.
- with pairs of scores, eg repeated measures design.
- at the nominal level of measurement.
What does nominal mean?
for mutually exclusive, but not ordered, categories.
What is the N value on a binomial sign test?
the number of scores or participants, minus any zero values in the difference column.
What is the S value on a binomial sign test?
how many of the less frequent sign there are (+ or -).
What is the method for a binomial sign test?
1.) fill in data table with differences between each pair of data.
2.) work out the n value and s value.
3.) is it one tailed or two tailed?
4.) work out the critical value using the table.
What do the results of a binomial sign test mean?
observed value of s must be equal to or less than the critical value for a significant difference to be shown. if there is a significant difference, you should reject the null hypothesis, and vice versa.
Give an example of a statement of significance.
There is no significant difference between scores of…, ay P<0.05 level, showing that we can be 95% secure in accepting the null hypothesis.
