Duration Flashcards

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1
Q

Define duration

A

the length of time that information can be held in memory.

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2
Q

How did Sterling study the duration of the sensory register in 1960?

A

1.) showed participants a grid containing 3 rows of 4 letters for 50 milliseconds (0.05 seconds).
2.) they then had to immediately recall either the entire grid or just randomly chosen row.

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3
Q

What were the results of Sterling’s study?

A

recall was poorer when asked to recall the whole grid compared to just a row.

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4
Q

What conclusions could be made from the results of Sterling’s study?

A

the suggested duration of the sensory register is less than half a second.

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5
Q

How did Peterson and Peterson study the duration of short term memory?

A

1.) 24 students in 8 trials.
2.) consonant syllables such as YCG used in each trial.
3.) students were then given a 3 digit number to count backwards from for varying periods of time.
4.) they were then asked to recall the letters.

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6
Q

What were the results of Peterson and Peterson’s study?

A

after 3 seconds, average recall was 80%.
after 18 seconds, average recall was 3%.

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7
Q

What conclusions could be made from the results of Peterson and Peterson’s study?

A

they concluded that STM duration may be about 18 seconds, unless we repeat information over and over.

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8
Q

How did Bahrick et al test duration of LTM?

A

392 american participants aged between 17 and 74. recall was tested from high school yearbooks.

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9
Q

How did Bahrick et al use photo recognition and what were the results?

A

50 photos, some from yearbooks.
90% accurate recall < 15 years from graduation.
70% accurate recall > 48 years from graduation.

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10
Q

How did Bahrick et al use free recall and what were the results?

A

recall all names of graduating class.
60% accurate recall < 15 years from graduation.
30% accurate recall > 48 years from graduation.

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11
Q

What was a strength of Bahrick et al’s research?

A

high ecological validity as applies to a real life situation.

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