Infectious Dx Flashcards
What are the features of tb meningitis
Headache, fever, vomiting, confusion, drowsiness, coma
What is the difference on fudonscopy between TB meningitis and ethambutol toxicity
Tb: choroid tubercules and optic neuropathy
Ethambutol: NORMAL fundoscopy
What four drugs treat TB
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide
Rifampicun
Isoniazid
What is the first symptom of lyme disease
Classic target like rash called ERYTHEMA MIGRANS
Features of Lyme disease
Erythema migrans
AV block
bilateral facial nerve palsy
Jarisch Herheimer reation
Arthritis
What causes lyme disease
Bacteria called Borrelia burgdoferi/ Borrelia garinni and Borrelia afelli
DEERS carry the bacteria
TICKS feed off the deers blood
TICKS are the vector which bite humans and spread the bacteria
TICKS are active in spring, summer and early winter
What is stage 1 of lyme disease
Erythema MIGRANS: red, oval round, flar, central sparing/target like lesion
Lymphanodepathy
Fever
Heachache
LAST 1-4 weeks
What is the second stage of lyme disease
Rash develops further
Mylagia
Arthritis
Facial palsy
Cardiac porbelms
weeks to months after stage 1
What is the third stage of lyme diase
Chronic arthritis of ONE joint- typically the knee
Acrodermatisi chronic atrophicans
What is the diagnosis of Lyme disease
Typically clinica picture and story–>Erythema migrans + hx of hiking
FBC, U+E, LFTS, CRP, ESR+ Blood culture- raised in 1st stage
Urine analysis
ELISA- IgM in first month, IgG–> confirmed with immune blotting
What is the treatment of Lyme disease
Doxycycline, Amoxicllin
What is Jarisch Herheimer reaction
Self-limiting reaction to antibiotics due to bacterial death
Occurs hours/days after taking antibiotics and presetns with fever, myalgia, headache, and lasts 3-48 hours
What does shigella cause
Dysentery- bloody diarrhea
What is shigella
aerobic, gram negative, non-motile bacilli which spreads through fecal-oral route
What is the treatment for shigella
Third gen cephalosporins and oral rehydration.
Widepread resistance to macrolides and quinolones
