Infectious Diseases 2 Flashcards
What is Infective Endocarditis?
Infection of endocardial structures, mainly the heart valves.
Which organisms most commonly cause Infective Endocarditis?
Streptococci (Abnormal Valves)
Staph. (Prosthetic Valves, IVDU)
Enterococci
How does Infective Endocarditis typically present?
FROM JANE
Fever
Roth Spots
Osler Nodes
Murmur
Janeway Lesions
Anaemia
Nail-Bed Haemorrhage
Emboli
How would you investigate a suspected case of Infective Endocarditis?
Bloods - Normocytic Anaemia, High Neutrophils
ESR/CRP
RF Positive
3 Blood cultures, 1h apart, within 24 hours
Broad spectrum Abx whilst investigating
Urgent echo
What are the main complications of Infective Endocarditis?
CCF
Valve Incompetence
Aneurysm Formation
Systemic Emboli
Renal Failure
Glomerulonephritis
How should you manage a case of Infective Endocarditis?
ABx for 4-6 Wks
What are the most common causes of Gastroenteritis?
Viral - Rotavirus
Bacterial - Campylobacter, E.Coli, Salmonella
How does Gastroenteritis present?
Sudden-onset nausea and vomiting
Anorexia
Diarrhoea
Abdominal Pain
Fever and Malaise
What causes Malaria?
Plasmodium Falciparum
P.vivax/ovale
P.malaria
How does Malaria present?
Recent Travel Hx to endemic area
Headache, weakness, myalgia, anorexia
Fever - Cold/Rigors followed by severe sweating
Splenomegaly
How do you investigate malaria?
Giemsa-Stained Thick and Thin blood smears
3 separate?