Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 - MedEd Lectures > Acute Med > Flashcards

Acute Med Flashcards

1
Q

What is the key principle underpinning Acute Medical treatment?

A

ABCDE Protocol

Airways

Breathing

Circulation

Disability

Exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do you assess a patient’s airways?

A

Assess:

Patency, Secretions/Vomit

Look for Obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How would you manage a Patient’s airway?

A

Airway Manoeuvres

Suction

Airway Adjuncts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How would you assess a patient’s breathing?

A

RR

Sats

Palpation, percussion auscultation

CXR

Manage with O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How would you assess a patient’s Circulation?

A

HR

BP

Cap Refill/Perfusion

Assess for Cyanosis

Auscultation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How would you manage a patient with poor circulation?

A

Fluids

Bloods/ABG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does Alcohol Withdrawal present?

A

Over stimulation of the CNS

Minor - Anxiety, GI Upset, Palpitations, Tremor

Hallucinations (Visual & Tactile)

Seizures (Tonic-Clonic)

Delirium Tremens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Delerium Tremens?

A

Fatal condition occuring 48-72 hours into a case of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal.

Delirium

Severe tremor

Fever

High BP + HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What else could cause the symptoms of Delirium Tremens?

A

Acute Liver Failure

Ammonia (Encepalopathy), Albumin (Ascites & Peripheral Oedema)

Bilirubin (Jaundice), Blood Factors (Bruising)

Wernicke’s Encepalopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How yould you investigate a suspected case of Alcohol Withdrawal?

A

Hx of Alcohol Abuse, recent traumatic events followed by stays in hospital.

CAGE/AUDIT Questionnaires

Chronic Liver Disease signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How would you manage someone with Alcohol Withdrawal symptoms?

A

Benzodiazepines (eg. Diazepam)

Pabrinex to prevent the development of Wernicke’s

Glucose (If hypoglycaemic)

Then manage dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How would you assess the severity of Alcohol Withdrawal?

A

CIWA-Ar Survey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Anaphylaxis?

A

A Life-threatening, systemix hypersensitivity reaction.

Characterised by airway +/- breathing +/- circulation problems

Associated with Skin/Mucosal changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the most common causes of Anaphylaxis?

A

0-4 Years

Food

Drugs/Chemicals

Toxins

W/ Hx of Atopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does Anaphylaxis present?

A

Airway - Throat/Tongue swelling, Stridor

Breathing - SOB, Increased RR, Hypoxia

Circulation - Shock - low BP, High HR, decreased consciousness

Skin/Mucosal - Urticaria, Angioedema, Flushing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How would you diagnose an uncertain case of Anaphylaxis?

A

Serum Tryptase

Plasma Histamine

17
Q

How would you manage a case of Anaphylaxis?

A

Remove the Trigger

Lie flat and raise legs

IM Adrenaline 0.5mg 1:1000

ABCDE

IV Chlorphenamie + IV Hydrocortisone

18
Q

When would you consider using activated charcoal in the treatment of Poisoning/Overdose?

A

<4 Hours to reduce absorption.

19
Q

How would you treat Paracetaml Overdose?

A

>40 Tablets - N-Acetylcysteine

<40 Tablets - Monitor Paracetamol Level, if too high administer N-Acetylcysteine

20
Q

How does Aspirin Overdose present?

A

Ear - Tinnitus, Deafness, Dizziness

Hyperpnoea

N&V, Diarrhoea

21
Q

When is an Aspirin Overdose considered severe?

A

>500mg/kg

22
Q

How does a severe Aspirin Overdose present?

A

Hypotension

Heart Block

Pulmonary Oedema

Low GCS + Seizures

23
Q

What would you find in the Laboratory findings of a patient who’s overdosed on Aspirin?

A

Early Respiratory Alkalosis

High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

24
Q

How would you manage a patient who’s overdosed on Aspirin?

A

Urine Alkalisation with IV Sodium Bicarbonate

Dialysis

25
Q

How does Paracetamol Overdose typically present?

A

Mild Nausea and Vomiting

Lethargy

RUQ Pain

Hepatomegaly

Acute Liver Failure

26
Q

How does Opiate overdose typically present?

A

Respiratory Depression

Bradycardia, Hypotension

Pinpoint Pupils

Low GCS/Coma

27
Q

How would you manage someone who overdosed on Opiates?

A

IV Naloxone

28
Q

What are the main complications associated with the insertion of a catheter?

A

UTI - Only treat if symptomatic (Replace Catheter, Antibiotics)

Blockage - (Can be due to Proteus mirabilis infection), bladder wash out & catheter replacement

29
Q

How do you test for transfusion compatibility?

A

G&S - Identifies Blood Type

X-Match - Checks for compatibility with donor blood

30
Q

When are Packed Red Cells indicated?

A

Hb <70g/L

1 unit increases Hb by 10-15 g/L

31
Q

When are Platelets and Fresh Frozen Plasma indicated?

A

Platelets - <20*109/L

FFP - To correct clotting defects

32
Q

What are the complications of transfusion that occur within 24 hours?

A

Anaphylaxis

Acute Haemolytic Reaction

Bacterial Infection

Febrile non-Haemolytic Reaction

Transfusion associated circulatory overload/lung injury

33
Q

What are the late complications that can occur due to Transfusion?

A

Delayed Haemolytic Reaction

Infection

Transfusion associated graft vs Host Disease

Iron Overload

34
Q

What are the complications that may occur during an Epidural?

A

Dural Puncture

Vessel Puncture

Hypoventilation

Epidural Haematome or Abscess

Year 3 - MedEd Lectures (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions