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NAPLEX > Infectious Disease - Microbiology > Flashcards

Infectious Disease - Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteriostatic vs Bacteriocidal

A

Bacteriostatic - A drug that reduces growth

Bacteriocidal - Drug that kills

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2
Q

What are three organisms described as gram positive cocci?

A

Streptococ.
Staphylococ.
Enterococ.

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3
Q

What are four organisms described as gram positive rods?

A

Diptheriae
Listeria
Anthrax
Clostridium (anaerobic)

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4
Q

What are 2 organisms described as gram negative coccii

A

Neisseriae
Moraxella

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5
Q

What are 9 gram negative rods

A

E.coli
PSA
Klebsiella
H.Influenza
H.Pylori
Shigella
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Bacteroides (anaerobic)

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6
Q

What is the first line choice for gram positive cocci?

A

Penicillin’s

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7
Q

What is group A strep?

What 2 diseases can it cause?

A

Strep. pyogenes

Pharyngitis (strep throat ) and cellulitis (deep skin infection)

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8
Q

What is group B strep?

Where can you find this bacteria?

A

Strep. agalactiae

In normal vaginal flora

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9
Q

What is the DOC for MSSA?

A

B-lactamase resistant PCNS:

Dicloxacillin , nafcillin , oxacillin

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10
Q

What is a common skin staph. aureus infection and how is it treated?

A

Impetigo

Mupirocin TID
or
Retapamulin (ALtabax)

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11
Q

What are 7 PO MRSA drugs?

A

Bactrim
Doxy
Linezolid
Clindamycin
Tedizolid
Delafloxacin
Omadacycline

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12
Q

Can rifampin be used for MRSA?

A

Yes but NEVER alone

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13
Q

What are two treatment options for enterococc?

A

Amp + gent

Amp + ceftriaxone

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14
Q

What is a typical treatment for corynebacterium diphtheriae ?

Who else has to be treated?

A

Anti-tox + ABX (PCN or erythromycin x 14d)

Anyone with close contacts get the abx and vaccine

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15
Q

What is a typical treatment for listeria monocytogenes?

How do you get it?

A

Amp + gent

Food borne

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16
Q

What organisms causes neonatal meningitis?

A

Listeria
GBS
E.coli

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17
Q

What are treatment options for bacillus anthracis?

A

Cipro, clinda, doxy, meropenem , linezolid

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18
Q

Typical treatment for N.meningitidis?

A

Ceftriaxone + vanc

Add amp if listeria +

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19
Q

What are ppx options for close contacts of N/meningitidis?

A

Rifampin or cipro single dose or ceftriaxone IM

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20
Q

Treatment for N.Gonorrhea? What is chlamydia is also present?

A
  1. Ceftriaxone IM
  2. Ceftriaxone + doxycycline 100mg BID x 7d
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21
Q

What 3 organisms cause bacterial otitis media and sinusitis?

A

Pneumococcus
Haemophilis
Moraxella

22
Q

What are your 1-3 choices for VRE?

A
  1. Daptomycin
  2. Linezolid
  3. Tigecycline
23
Q

What are common causes of E.coli infection?

A

UTI/pyelonephritis
Urosepsis
Neonantal meningitis (close to mother’s ass)
E.coli diarrhea

24
Q

Where does PSA grow?

A

Aqueous, moist areas

25
Q

Anti-PSA penicillins

26
Q

Anti-PSA cephalosporins

A

Ceftazidime
Cefepime
Ceftazidime-avibactam
Ceftolozane-tazobactam
Cifiderocol

27
Q

Anti-PSA carbapenems and monobactam

A

Doripenem, meropenem, imipenem

Aztreonam

28
Q

Anti-PSA FQ and Aminoglycosides

A

FQ - Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, delafloxacin

AG - all

29
Q

H. Pylor triple therapy

A

Clarithromycin 500mg BID + Amox 1G BID/metro500mg BID + PPI

30
Q

H.pylori Quadruple therapy

A

Metronidazole + tetracycline + bismuth + PPI

31
Q

H.pylori concomitant therapy

A

Triple therapy (Clarithromycin + Amox + PPI) + metronidazole

32
Q

What is prevpac?

A

Amoxicillin + clarithromycin + lansoprazole

For H.pylori triple therapy

33
Q

What is pylera?

A

Bismuth + metronidazole + tetracycline

For h.pylori bismuth quadruple therapy , just add PPI

34
Q

Treatment for H.Influenza OM/Sinusitis

Treatment for H.influenza meningitis or severe infection

A
  1. Amoxicillin or augmentin
  2. Ceftriaxone or ceftotaxime
35
Q

How is legionella transmitted? What are some treatment options?

A
  1. Water supplies
  2. Azithromycin for children or respiratory quinolones for adults
36
Q

Pertussis treatment options

A

Macrolides can decrease transmission

37
Q

Treatment for Clostriudium tetani

A

Metronidazole IV

38
Q

What is bezlotoxumab?

A

Zinplava is a mAb used in conjunction with Abx to decrease reccurance of C.diff

Watch for HF

39
Q

DOC for B.fragilis

A

Metronidazole

40
Q

DOC for mycoplasma pneumoniae (atypical pneumonia)

A

Macrolides or doxycycline

41
Q

Syphilis

Organism
Classification
Tests
DOC for the three stages

A

Treponema pallidum

Spirochete bacteria

Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) or VDRL or farkfield microscopy

Early syphilis - Pen G benzathine (bicillin LA) 2.4 million units IM x 1

Late syphilis - Pen G benzathine (bicillin LA) 2.4 million units IM weekly x 3 weeks

Neurosyphilis - Pen G benzathine (bicillin LA) 3-4 million units IV Q4H x 10-14days

42
Q

Lyme disease

Organism
Classification / transmission
Treatments

A

Borrellia burgdorferi

Spirochete bacteria caused by deer ticks

  1. Early disease - Doxy x 10-14d or amoxicillin/ceftin x 14 days
  2. Lyme carditis - oral doxy/amox/ceftin x 14-21 days (28 days if arthritis)
43
Q

MOA of

  1. Polyene
  2. Azoles
  3. Echinocandines
  4. Flucytosine
A
  1. Bind to ergosterol
  2. Inhibit ergosterol synthesis
  3. Inhibit glucan synthesis
  4. Inhibit DNA synthesis
44
Q

DOC for cryptococcus neoformans meningitis and pneuumonia

A

Meningitis - Ampho B + flucytosine then oral fluconazole

Pneumonia - Fluconazole or itraconazole

45
Q

DOC for aspergilliosis

A

Voriconazole (VFend)

46
Q

DOC for Coccidioides imminitis

A

Fluconazole or itraconazole

47
Q

DOC for histoplasma and blastomyces

A

Mild - itraconazole PO

Severe - Ampho B

Same for both

48
Q

Transmission of Hepatitis A-C and its vaccines

A

A - fecal-oral : Twinrix
B - Blood : Engerix
C- blood : NO vaccine

49
Q

RSV prevention

A

ALL infants <8 months born in or entering first RSV season give Beyfortus (nirsevimab) x one dose

50
Q

Baloxavir

Brand
MOA
Indication
Dose

A

Xofluza

Polymerse scidic endonuclease inhibitor

Flu

Since PO dose for >5y.o

NAPLEX (42 decks)

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