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HJ S2RR > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Three most common causes of PUO

A

Infection
Cancer
Autoimmune disease

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2
Q

Signs and symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis

A

Fever, tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, tonsillar exudate, LACK of cough

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3
Q

Nonsuppurative complication of streptococcal infection that is not altered by treatment of primary infection

A

Post infectious glomerulonephritis

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4
Q

Most common predisposing factor for acute sinusitis

A

Viral URI

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5
Q

Asplenic patients are particularly susceptible to…

A

Encapsulated organisms:– pneumococcus, meningococcus, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella

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6
Q

The number of bacteria needed on a clean-catch specimen to diagnose a UTI

A

10^5 bacteria/ml

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7
Q

Which healthy population in susceptible to UTIs?

A

Pregnant women –> Tx this group aggressively because of high risk of complications

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8
Q

A patient from California or Arizona presents with fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats.
Dx? Tx?

A

Coccidiodomycosis

Tx: amphotericin B

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9
Q

Non painful chancre

A

Primary syphilis

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10
Q

A ‘blueberry muffin’ rash is characteristic of what congenital infection?

A

Rubella

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11
Q

Meningitis in neonate
Causes?
Tx?

A

GBS, E.coli, Listeria

Tx: gentamicin & ampicillin

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12
Q

Meningitis in infants
Causes?
Tx?

A

Pneumococcus, meningococcus, H.influenzae

Tx: cefotaxime & vancomycin

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13
Q

What should always be done prior to LP?

A

Check for raised ICP

Look for papilloedema

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14
Q

CSF: low glucose, PMN predominance

A

Bacterial meningitis

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15
Q

CSF: normal glucose, lymphocytic predominance

A

Viral (aseptic) meningitis

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16
Q

CSF: numerous RBCs in serial CSF samples

A

Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)

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17
Q

CSF: raised gamma globulins

A

Multiple sclerosis

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18
Q

Initially presents with a pruritic papule with regional lymphadenopathy; evolves into a black eschar after 7-10 days

Tx?

A

Cutaneous anthrax

Tx: penicillin G or ciprofloxacin

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19
Q

Findings in tertiary syphilis

A

Tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, Argyll Robertson pupil, aortitis, aortic root aneurysms

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20
Q

Characteristics of secondary Lyme disease

A

Arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, Bell’s palsy, myocarditis

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21
Q

Cold agglutinins

A

Mycoplasma

22
Q

A 24 year old man presents with soft white plaques on his tongue and the back of his throat.
Dx? Work up? Tx?

A

Candidal thrush –> HIV test

Tx: nystatin oral suspension

23
Q

At what CD4 count should Pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis be initiated in an HIV +ve?

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) prophylaxis?

A

<200 for P. Jiroveci (with TMP-SMX)
<50-100 for MAC

MAC prophylaxis: clarithromycin/erythromycin

24
Q

Rick factors for pyelonephritis

A 
Pregnancy 
Vesicoureteric reflux 
Anatomical anomalies 
Indwelling catheters 
Kidney stones
25
Q

Neutropenic nadir post- chemotherapy

26
Q

Erythema migrans

A

Lesion for primary Lyme disease

27
Q

Classic physical findings for endocarditis

A

Fever, new onset murmur, Oslers nodes, splinter haemorrhages, Janeway lesions, Roth spots

28
Q

Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease

A

Parvovirus B19

29
Q

Branching rods in oral infection

A

Actinomyces israelii

30
Q

Weakly gram positive, partially acid-fast in lung infection

A

Nocardia asteroides

31
Q

Painful chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

32
Q

Dog or cat bite

A

Pasteurella multocida

33
Q

Gardener

A

Sporothrix schenckii

34
Q

Raw pork and skeletal muscle cysts

A

Trichinella spiralis

35
Q

Perianal itching

A

Enterobius vermicularis

36
Q

Sheepherders with liver cysts

A

Echinococcus granulosus

37
Q

Pregnant women with pets

A

Toxoplasma gondii

38
Q

Meningitis in adults

A

Neisseria meningitidis

39
Q

Meningitis in elderly

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

40
Q

Meningoenceohalitis in AIDS patients

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

41
Q

Alcoholic with pneumonia

A

Klebsiella

42
Q

“Currant jelly” sputum

A

Klebsiella

43
Q

Malignant external otitis

A

Pseudomonas

44
Q

Infection in burn victims

A

Pseudomonas

45
Q

Osteomyelitis from a foot wound puncture

A

Pseudomonas

46
Q

Osteomyelitis in a sickle cell patient

A

Salmonella

47
Q

A 55 year old man who is a smoker and a heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flulike symptoms. Gram stain shows no organisms; silver stain sputum shows gram negative rods

A

Legionella pneumonia

48
Q

A middle aged man presents with acute onset monoarticular joint pain and bilateral Bell palsy
Dx? Transmission? Tx?

A

Lyme disease –> Ixodes tick

Doxycycline

49
Q

A patient develops endocarditis 3 weeks after receiving a prosthetic heart valve

A

Staph aureus OR staph epidermidis

50
Q

A patient develops endocarditis in a native valve after having a dental cleaning

A

Streptococcus viridans

HJ S2RR (16 decks)

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