Endo Flashcards
Most common cause of hypothyroidism
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Lab findings in Hashimoto thyroiditis
High TSH, low T4, antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO)
Exophthalmos, pretibial myxoedema, low TSH
Graves’ disease
Commonest cause of Cushing syndrome
Iatrogenic corticosteroids
Second most common is Cushing disease
A patient post thyroidectomy presents with signs of hypocalcaemia and raised phosphorus
Iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism
Stones, bones, groans, throne, psychic moans
Hypercalcaemia
HTN, hypoK, metabolic alkalosis
Primary hyperaldosteronism (due to Conn syndrome or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia)
A patient presents with tachycardia, wild swings in BP, headache, diaphoresis, altered mental status, a sense of panic
Phaeochromocytoma
Which should be used first in treating phaeos, alpha or beta antagonists?
A-antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)
A patient with lithium use presents with copious amounts of dilute urine
Nephrogenic DI
Treatment of central DI
DDAVP & free water restriction
A postoperative patient with significant pain presents with hypoNa and normal volume status
SIADH due to stress
An anti diabetic agent associated with lactic acidosis
Metformin
A patient presents with weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and a new pigmentation. Lab results show hypoNa & hyperK.
Treatment?
Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)
Treat with glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids & IV fluids
Goal HbA1c for a patient with DM
< 7.0%
