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HJ S2RR > Haem / Onco > Flashcards

Haem / Onco Flashcards

1
Q

4 causes of microcytic anaemia

A

TICS

  • Thalassaemia
  • Iron deficiency
  • anaemia of Chronic disease
  • Sideroblastic anaemia
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2
Q

An elderly man with hypochromic, microcytic anaemia is asymptomatic. Diagnostic tests?

A

Faecal occult blood test & sigmoidoscopy

Suspect colorectal cancer

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3
Q

Precipitants of haemolytic crisis in patients with G6PD deficiency

A

Sulphonamides, antimalarial drugs, fava beans

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4
Q

The most common inherited cause of hypercoagulability

A

Factor 5 Leiden mutation

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5
Q

The most common inherited haemolytic anaemia

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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6
Q

Diagnostic test for hereditary spherocytosis

A

Osmotic fragility test

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7
Q

Pure RBC aplasia. Diagnosis?

A

Diamond-Blackfan anaemia

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8
Q

Anaemia associated with absent radii and thumbs, diffuse hyperpigmentation, cafe au lait spots, microcephaly & pancytopenia

A

Fanconi anaemia

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9
Q

Medications and viruses that lead to aplastic anaemia

A

Chloramphenicol, sulphonamides, chemo, radiation

HIV, hepatitis, parvovirus B19, EBV

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10
Q

How to distinguish polycythemia Vera from secondary polycythemia

A

Both have raised Hct & RBC mass BUT

PV should have normal oxygen sats and low Epo

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11
Q

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) pentad

A

FAT RN

  • Fever
  • Anaemia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Renal dysfunction
  • Neurological abnormalities
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12
Q

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) triad

A

Anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
Acute renal failure

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13
Q

Treatment for TTP

A

Emergency large volume plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, anti platelet drugs

Platelet transfusion is CONTRAINDICATED

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14
Q

Treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in kids

A

Usually resolves spontaneously

May require IVIG and/or corticosteroids

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15
Q

Patten of fibrin split products, D-dimer, fibrinogen, platelets and Hct in DIC

A

Raised: FSP & D-dimer

Low: plts, fibrinogen & Hct

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16
Q

8yo boy presents with hemarthrosis and high PTT with normal PT and bleeding time.
Diagnosis?
Treatment?

A

Haemophilia A or B

Desmopressin (haemophilia A) OR factor 8 or 9 supplements

17
Q

14yo girl presents with prolonged bleeding after dental surgery and with menses, normal PT, normal or raised APTT, and raised bleeding time

A

VWD

Tx: desmopressin, FFP or cryoprecipitate

18
Q

60 yo African American man presents with bone pain.

Work up for multiple myeloma?

A

Monoclonal gammopathy
Bence-Jones proteinuria
Punched out lesions on radiographs of skull and long bones

19
Q

Reed-Sternberg cells

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

20
Q

10yo boy presents with fever, weight loss, night sweats. O/E anterior mediastinal mass

A

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

21
Q

Microcytic anaemia with low serum Fe, low TIBC, normal/high ferritin

A

Anaemia of chronic disease

22
Q

Microcytic anaemia with low serum Fe, low ferritin and high TIBC

A

Fe deficiency anaemia

23
Q

80yo man presents with fatigue, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and isolated lymphocytosis

A

CLL

24
Q

Patient with fatigue is found to have a low Hb and raised MCV

A

B12 deficiency

  • pernicious anaemia
  • vegetarian diet
  • Crohns/GI disorder

Folate
- alcoholics

25
Q

Late, life-threatening complication of CML

A

Blast crisis (fever, bone pain, splenomegaly, pancytopenia)

26
Q

Auer rods on blood smear

A

AML

27
Q

AML subtype associated with DIC. Tx?

A

M3

Tx: retinoic acid

28
Q

Electrolyte changes in tumour lysis syndrome

A

Low Ca

High K, Pi, uric acid

29
Q

50yo man presents with early satiety, splenomegaly and bleeding. Cytogenetics show t(9,22). Dx?

A

CML

30
Q

A patient on the chemotherapy service with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 1000 is noted to have a fever of 38.8 (102.1).
Next best step?

A

Neutropenic sepsis is a medical emergency

Start broad-spec Abx

31
Q

Virus associated with aplastic anaemia in patients with sickle cell anaemia

A

Parvovirus B19

32
Q

A 25yo African American man with sickle cell anaemia has sudden onset of bone pain. Management?

A

Oxygen, analgesia, hydration,

Transfusion (severe)

33
Q

A significant cause of morbidity in thalassaemia patients. Tx:

A

Iron overload use desferrioxime

HJ S2RR (16 decks)

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