infectious disease

Question 1

classic symptoms indicating disease

Answer 1

fever/chills
sweating
malaise
nausea
vomitting

Question 2

what is the 102 rule

Answer 2

below - let body run its course
above - immune system is over responsive or having to work way too hard

Question 3

what are nosocomial infections

Answer 3

infections acquired during hospitalization

Question 4

how to prevent nosocomial infections

Answer 4

handwashing
alcohol based hand rub

Question 5

what are other symptoms of infection

Answer 5

abcess
rash
inflamed lymph nodes
joint effusion

Question 6

what are viruses

Answer 6

subcellular organism made up of RNA/DNA nucleus covered with proteins

Question 7

what is a mycoplasma

Answer 7

unusual self-replicating bacteria that have no cell wall and small genomes

Question 8

what is bacteria

Answer 8

single celled microorganisms with well defined cell walls that grow independently on artificial media

Question 9

what is protozoa

Answer 9

nondifferentiated cells that are loosely held together and do not form tissue

Question 10

what are fungi

Answer 10

unicellular organisms possessing hyphae surrounded by cell walls with nuclei

Question 11

what are prions

Answer 11

proteinaceous, infectious particles consisting of proteins without nucleic acids

Question 12

what are the main modes of pathogen transmission

Answer 12

contact transmission
airborne transmission
droplet transmission
vehicle transmission
vector-born transmission

Question 13

types of contact transmission

Answer 13

indirect/direct

Question 14

size of airborne vs droplet organisms

Answer 14

air = <5 microns
drop = >5 microns

Question 15

what are the first-third line of defense

Answer 15

first - external / skin
secondary - inflammatory process
third - immune response

Question 16

what is c-diff

Answer 16

a change in protective flora of the enteric system induced by antibiotics that causes acute diarrhea

Question 17

how is c-diff treated

Answer 17

prompt discontinuation of antibiotic agent with administration of oral metronidazole

Question 18

what are the symptoms associated with streptococcal pharyngitis

Answer 18

fever
sore throat
beefy red pharynx
edematous tonsils with exudate
swollen lymph nodes
general malaise/weakness
anorexia / abdominal discomfort

Question 19

how is streptococcal pharyngitis treated

Answer 19

antibiotics

Question 20

what virus is responsible for causing mononucleosis

Answer 20

Epstein Barr virus
primarily affects young adults/children

Question 21

what are the types of herpes

Answer 21

HSV 1 - mouth and oral cavity
HSV 2 - STI around genitals
HSV 3 - chickenpox/shingles
HSV 4 - mononucleosis

Question 22

what are symptoms of mononucleosis

Answer 22

fever
sore throat
tender cervical lymphadenopathy
headache
malaise
abdominal pain

Question 23

what is lymes disease

Answer 23

infectious multisystemic disorder caused by tick-borne spirochete borrelia burdorferi

Question 24

stages of lymes disease

Answer 24

1 - erythema and flulike symptoms
2 - neurological symptoms
3 - intermittent arthritis with marked joint pain, swelling

Question 25

how is lyme disease treated

Answer 25

antibiotics