infectious disease Flashcards
classic symptoms indicating disease
fever/chills
sweating
malaise
nausea
vomitting
what is the 102 rule
below - let body run its course
above - immune system is over responsive or having to work way too hard
what are nosocomial infections
infections acquired during hospitalization
how to prevent nosocomial infections
handwashing
alcohol based hand rub
what are other symptoms of infection
abcess
rash
inflamed lymph nodes
joint effusion
what are viruses
subcellular organism made up of RNA/DNA nucleus covered with proteins
what is a mycoplasma
unusual self-replicating bacteria that have no cell wall and small genomes
what is bacteria
single celled microorganisms with well defined cell walls that grow independently on artificial media
what is protozoa
nondifferentiated cells that are loosely held together and do not form tissue
what are fungi
unicellular organisms possessing hyphae surrounded by cell walls with nuclei
what are prions
proteinaceous, infectious particles consisting of proteins without nucleic acids
what are the main modes of pathogen transmission
contact transmission
airborne transmission
droplet transmission
vehicle transmission
vector-born transmission
types of contact transmission
indirect/direct
size of airborne vs droplet organisms
air = <5 microns
drop = >5 microns
what are the first-third line of defense
first - external / skin
secondary - inflammatory process
third - immune response
what is c-diff
a change in protective flora of the enteric system induced by antibiotics that causes acute diarrhea
how is c-diff treated
prompt discontinuation of antibiotic agent with administration of oral metronidazole
what are the symptoms associated with streptococcal pharyngitis
fever
sore throat
beefy red pharynx
edematous tonsils with exudate
swollen lymph nodes
general malaise/weakness
anorexia / abdominal discomfort
how is streptococcal pharyngitis treated
antibiotics
what virus is responsible for causing mononucleosis
Epstein Barr virus
primarily affects young adults/children
what are the types of herpes
HSV 1 - mouth and oral cavity
HSV 2 - STI around genitals
HSV 3 - chickenpox/shingles
HSV 4 - mononucleosis
what are symptoms of mononucleosis
fever
sore throat
tender cervical lymphadenopathy
headache
malaise
abdominal pain
what is lymes disease
infectious multisystemic disorder caused by tick-borne spirochete borrelia burdorferi
stages of lymes disease
1 - erythema and flulike symptoms
2 - neurological symptoms
3 - intermittent arthritis with marked joint pain, swelling
how is lyme disease treated
antibiotics
