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G.I & Nutrition > Infectious Diarrhea - You're better off memorizing the lists of bugs off the powerpoint. > Flashcards

Infectious Diarrhea - You're better off memorizing the lists of bugs off the powerpoint. Flashcards

1
Q

Dx criteria for evaluation of diarrhea

A

temp >103F, tenesmus, bloody diarrhea, prolonged course >=2 weeks

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2
Q

4 virulence factors for bacteria that lead to diarrhea

A

adherence, enterotoxin, cytotoxin, mucosal invasion

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3
Q

Cholera toxin A

A

endocytosed and increases cAMP and increases fluid that is pumped out in the crypts

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4
Q

Cholera toxin B

A

toxin increases cAMP and reduces absorption of sodium at surface of enterocyte

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5
Q

Clostridium cytotoxins A/B

A

endocytosed –> glycosylate rho –> weakening of tight junctions + inflammation –> cytotoxicity

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6
Q

Name the bugs: food borne outbreak

A

salmonella, shiga, E-coli,

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7
Q

Name the bugs: water-borne

A

vibrios, giardia, crypto

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8
Q

Name the bugs: seafood, shellfish

A

vibrio, noro, salmonella

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9
Q

Name the bugs: poultry

A

campylobacter, salmonella

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10
Q

Name the bugs: beef, sprouts

A

shiga-E coli, EHEC

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11
Q

Name the bugs: eggs

A

salmonella

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12
Q

Name the bugs: mayo and cream

A

staph, clostridium, salmonella

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13
Q

Name the bugs: pie

A

salmonella, campylobacter, crypto, giardia

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14
Q

Name the bugs: antibiotics

A

c. diff

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15
Q

Name the bugs: person to person

A

shigella, rota

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16
Q

Name the bugs: non bloody viral diarrhea

A

noro, rota, adeno, astro, toro

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17
Q

Symptoms of noro

A

diarrhea, vomiting, cramps, headache

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18
Q

How long does noro last?

A

24-72 hours

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19
Q

Mode of transfer: noro

A

fecal-oral

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20
Q

Tx of noro

A

supportive

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21
Q

Symptoms of rota

A

vomiting + watery diarrhea

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22
Q

who gets rota?

A

kids

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23
Q

Mode of transfer: rota

A

fecal-oral

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24
Q

Tx of rota

A

supportive, anti-rota Ig

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25
Q

Prevention of rota

A

breastfeeding, rotateq/rotarix

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26
Q

How long does rota last

A

5-7 days

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27
Q

Symptoms of adeno

A

diarrhea, vomiting, fever

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28
Q

Tx of adeno

A

supportive

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29
Q

Duration of adeno

A

5-12 days

30
Q

Who gets adeno?

A

babies and immunocompromised

31
Q

Which adeno serotypes cause diarrhea?

A

40 and 41

32
Q

Symptoms of astro

A

watery diarrhea

33
Q

Duration of astro

A

1-4 days

34
Q

Tx of astro

A

supportive

35
Q

Who gets astro?

A

children < 7

36
Q

How does astro transmit?

A

fecal oral

37
Q

Who gets toro

A

cows and children

38
Q

Symptoms of toro

A

watery diarrhea, bloody with vomiting

39
Q

Duration of toro

A

5-7 days

40
Q

Tx of toro

A

supportive

41
Q

Name the bugs: non-bloody bacterial diarrhea, food borne

A

enterotoxigenic Ecoli, diffusely adhering Ecoli, vibrio, non-cholera vibrio

42
Q

Name the bugs: non-bloody bacterial diarrhea, non-food borne

A

aeromonas, bacterioides fragilis, diffusely adhering E.coli

43
Q

Name the bugs: non-bloody parasitic diarrhea, non-food-borne

A

dientamoeba, blastocystis, strongyloides

44
Q

Name the bugs: non-bloody parasitic diarrhea, food borne

A

giardia, crypto, cyclo, trichella

45
Q

Name the bugs: bloody infectious diarrhea, food-borne bacteria

A

shigella, salmonella, campylobacter, shiga-ecoli, yersinia

46
Q

Name the bugs: bloody infectious diarrhea, non-food-borne bacteria

A

c. diff

47
Q

Name the bugs: bloody infectious diarrhea, parasites

A

entamoeba histolytica, schistosomiasis

48
Q

Name the bugs: looks like bloody infectious diarrhea but isn’t –> proctitis symptoms = mucoid stool, small volume, rectal pain

A

shigella, gonorrhea, treponema, chlamydia, herpes 2

49
Q

Food-borne toxin mediated diarrhea

A

clostridium perfringens, staph aureus, bacillus cereus, botulinum, anthracis

50
Q

Name the bugs: immunosuppressed non bloody parasites

A

microsporidia, crypto, cyclo, iso, mycobacterium avium, strongyloides

51
Q

Name the bugs: immunosuppressed bloody viruses

A

cmv, hsv proctitis

52
Q

Name the bugs: traveler’s diarrhea bacteria

A

e coli, campylobacter, salmonella, shigella, aeromonas, plesiomonas, vibrio

53
Q

Name the bugs: traveler’s diarrhea viruses

A

noro, rota, adeno, astro

54
Q

Name the bugs: traveler’s diarrhea parasites

A

giardia, entamoeba histolytica, crypto, cyclo

55
Q

What is a hospitalized patient?

A

admitted and been in the hospital for 3 days –> c diff

56
Q

Dx of acute diarrhea

A

fecal leukocytes/lactoferrin/calprotectin, cbc, stool culture, stool ova and parasites, stool cdiff + a bunch of organism specific studies

57
Q

Classic C diff effect on intestine

A

pseudeomembranous colitis

58
Q

3 kinds of chronic diarrhea

A

fatty, secretory, inflammatory

59
Q

Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory diarrhea- viral

A

cmv, hsv proctitis

60
Q

Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory diarrhea- bacterial

A

c diff, aeromonas, yersinia, salmonella, campylobacter, tb, gonorrhea, tremponema, chlamydia

61
Q

Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory diarrhea- parasites

A

Entamoeba histolytica, strongyloides, schistosomiasis

62
Q

Whipple’s disease - what is it? symptoms?

A

chronic malabsorptive diarrhea, weight loss, watery stools, low fever, hyperpigmentation, cardiac and neurologic stuff

63
Q

Tx of Whipple’s

A

penicillin G, 3rd gen cephalosporin, brain antibiotic for a year

64
Q

Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory malabsorptive diarrhea

A

whipples, giardia

65
Q

Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory secretory diarrhea

A

crypto, cyclo, micro, iso

66
Q

4 blood tests standard for chronic diarrhea

A

cbc, metabolic panel, tsh, celiac ab

67
Q

4 stool tests for chronic diarrhea

A

c diff, o and p (crypto and giardia), culture (aeromonas), fecal fat

68
Q

A low stool gap suggests what kind of diarrhea?

A

secretory <50 stool gap

69
Q

A high stool gap suggests what kind of diarrhea?

A

> 100 = osmotic source of diarrhea

70
Q

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

A

antibiotic therapy does not decrease morbidity due to EHEC –> may increase risk of HUS –> avoid ab in EHEC

G.I & Nutrition (43 decks)

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