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G.I & Nutrition > Infectious Diarrhea - You're better off memorizing the lists of bugs off the powerpoint. > Flashcards

Infectious Diarrhea - You're better off memorizing the lists of bugs off the powerpoint. Flashcards

1
Q

Dx criteria for evaluation of diarrhea

A

temp >103F, tenesmus, bloody diarrhea, prolonged course >=2 weeks

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2
Q

4 virulence factors for bacteria that lead to diarrhea

A

adherence, enterotoxin, cytotoxin, mucosal invasion

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3
Q

Cholera toxin A

A

endocytosed and increases cAMP and increases fluid that is pumped out in the crypts

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4
Q

Cholera toxin B

A

toxin increases cAMP and reduces absorption of sodium at surface of enterocyte

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5
Q

Clostridium cytotoxins A/B

A

endocytosed –> glycosylate rho –> weakening of tight junctions + inflammation –> cytotoxicity

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6
Q

Name the bugs: food borne outbreak

A

salmonella, shiga, E-coli,

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7
Q

Name the bugs: water-borne

A

vibrios, giardia, crypto

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8
Q

Name the bugs: seafood, shellfish

A

vibrio, noro, salmonella

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9
Q

Name the bugs: poultry

A

campylobacter, salmonella

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10
Q

Name the bugs: beef, sprouts

A

shiga-E coli, EHEC

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11
Q

Name the bugs: eggs

A

salmonella

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12
Q

Name the bugs: mayo and cream

A

staph, clostridium, salmonella

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13
Q

Name the bugs: pie

A

salmonella, campylobacter, crypto, giardia

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14
Q

Name the bugs: antibiotics

A

c. diff

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15
Q

Name the bugs: person to person

A

shigella, rota

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16
Q

Name the bugs: non bloody viral diarrhea

A

noro, rota, adeno, astro, toro

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17
Q

Symptoms of noro

A

diarrhea, vomiting, cramps, headache

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18
Q

How long does noro last?

A

24-72 hours

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19
Q

Mode of transfer: noro

A

fecal-oral

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20
Q

Tx of noro

A

supportive

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21
Q

Symptoms of rota

A

vomiting + watery diarrhea

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22
Q

who gets rota?

A

kids

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23
Q

Mode of transfer: rota

A

fecal-oral

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24
Q

Tx of rota

A

supportive, anti-rota Ig

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25
Prevention of rota
breastfeeding, rotateq/rotarix
26
How long does rota last
5-7 days
27
Symptoms of adeno
diarrhea, vomiting, fever
28
Tx of adeno
supportive
29
Duration of adeno
5-12 days
30
Who gets adeno?
babies and immunocompromised
31
Which adeno serotypes cause diarrhea?
40 and 41
32
Symptoms of astro
watery diarrhea
33
Duration of astro
1-4 days
34
Tx of astro
supportive
35
Who gets astro?
children < 7
36
How does astro transmit?
fecal oral
37
Who gets toro
cows and children
38
Symptoms of toro
watery diarrhea, bloody with vomiting
39
Duration of toro
5-7 days
40
Tx of toro
supportive
41
Name the bugs: non-bloody bacterial diarrhea, food borne
enterotoxigenic Ecoli, diffusely adhering Ecoli, vibrio, non-cholera vibrio
42
Name the bugs: non-bloody bacterial diarrhea, non-food borne
aeromonas, bacterioides fragilis, diffusely adhering E.coli
43
Name the bugs: non-bloody parasitic diarrhea, non-food-borne
dientamoeba, blastocystis, strongyloides
44
Name the bugs: non-bloody parasitic diarrhea, food borne
giardia, crypto, cyclo, trichella
45
Name the bugs: bloody infectious diarrhea, food-borne bacteria
shigella, salmonella, campylobacter, shiga-ecoli, yersinia
46
Name the bugs: bloody infectious diarrhea, non-food-borne bacteria
c. diff
47
Name the bugs: bloody infectious diarrhea, parasites
entamoeba histolytica, schistosomiasis
48
Name the bugs: looks like bloody infectious diarrhea but isn't --> proctitis symptoms = mucoid stool, small volume, rectal pain
shigella, gonorrhea, treponema, chlamydia, herpes 2
49
Food-borne toxin mediated diarrhea
clostridium perfringens, staph aureus, bacillus cereus, botulinum, anthracis
50
Name the bugs: immunosuppressed non bloody parasites
microsporidia, crypto, cyclo, iso, mycobacterium avium, strongyloides
51
Name the bugs: immunosuppressed bloody viruses
cmv, hsv proctitis
52
Name the bugs: traveler's diarrhea bacteria
e coli, campylobacter, salmonella, shigella, aeromonas, plesiomonas, vibrio
53
Name the bugs: traveler's diarrhea viruses
noro, rota, adeno, astro
54
Name the bugs: traveler's diarrhea parasites
giardia, entamoeba histolytica, crypto, cyclo
55
What is a hospitalized patient?
admitted and been in the hospital for 3 days --> c diff
56
Dx of acute diarrhea
fecal leukocytes/lactoferrin/calprotectin, cbc, stool culture, stool ova and parasites, stool cdiff + a bunch of organism specific studies
57
Classic C diff effect on intestine
pseudeomembranous colitis
58
3 kinds of chronic diarrhea
fatty, secretory, inflammatory
59
Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory diarrhea- viral
cmv, hsv proctitis
60
Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory diarrhea- bacterial
c diff, aeromonas, yersinia, salmonella, campylobacter, tb, gonorrhea, tremponema, chlamydia
61
Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory diarrhea- parasites
Entamoeba histolytica, strongyloides, schistosomiasis
62
Whipple's disease - what is it? symptoms?
chronic malabsorptive diarrhea, weight loss, watery stools, low fever, hyperpigmentation, cardiac and neurologic stuff
63
Tx of Whipple's
penicillin G, 3rd gen cephalosporin, brain antibiotic for a year
64
Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory malabsorptive diarrhea
whipples, giardia
65
Name the bugs: chronic inflammatory secretory diarrhea
crypto, cyclo, micro, iso
66
4 blood tests standard for chronic diarrhea
cbc, metabolic panel, tsh, celiac ab
67
4 stool tests for chronic diarrhea
c diff, o and p (crypto and giardia), culture (aeromonas), fecal fat
68
A low stool gap suggests what kind of diarrhea?
secretory <50 stool gap
69
A high stool gap suggests what kind of diarrhea?
>100 = osmotic source of diarrhea
70
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
antibiotic therapy does not decrease morbidity due to EHEC --> may increase risk of HUS --> avoid ab in EHEC

G.I & Nutrition (43 decks)

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