Food Allergy and Oral Tolerance Flashcards
Symptoms of allergic reaction
stridor, vomiting, hives
How many americans have food allergies?
12 million
Which food allergies do children tend to outgrow?
wheat, milk, egg, soy
2 types of adverse food reaction
food intolerance vs food allergy
Categories of food allergy
IgE mediated, non-Ige, mixed
Oral allergy syndrome
type of IgE mediated response that involves itchy mouth and other oral allergy symptoms on consumption of fruit/tree products, short of anaphylaxis
Most patients with IgE reactions present with ___
cutaneous reactions (88%) + GI, Respiratory, multiorgan, impending doom
Can you have IgE food allergy without cutaneous reactions?
Yes –> 10%
Anaphylaxis Tx
epi pen
Epinephrine effects in allergy
- alpha adrenergic: vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure, decreased cappillary leak
- bet adrenergic: relax bronchial muscle, increase heart rate, increase cardiac contractility
- inhibit mediator release
Anaphylaxis pathogenesis
Food –> antigen presentation –> activation of Th2 and IgE B cells –> eosinophil recruitment + mast cells + antibodies
Initial response
vasodilation, vascular leakage, smooth muscle spasm
Late-phase reaction
mucosal edema, mucus secretion, leukocyte infiltration, epithelial damage, vasospasm
Oral tolerance
difference between those with and without food allergy –> state of active inhibition of immune response by prior exposure to antigen
Where can food antigens be absorbed?
stomach, small/large intestine
